11. Goal Setting Flashcards
Goal setting
setting targets
Benefits of goal setting
- increasing motivation and making sure that the participants in the sporting activity keep on trying. Players can become what is called task persistent. Pride and satisfaction is experienced when target is reached. This sense of pride increases intrinsic motivation.
- Improving confidence since the performer can experience an improvement in technique or in results as the target is being reached.
- Regulating and sustaining effort. As the player continues to strive to reach a target , they might begin to try a little harder as the goal nears completion.
Outcome goal
a goal set against the performance of others and based on a result.
e.g. making play-offs at the end of a season
Problems related to outcome goals
- the goal may not be achieved and then motivation can be lost
- outcome goals involve a comparison with others and if the athlete begins to think they aren’t as good as other competitors motivation may be lost.
Task-orientated goal
Getting a better performance. goals based on the task are not just about winning , concerned with improvements in technique or performance.
Positives of task-orientated goals
- Motivation is still maintained when performance or process goals are used
- the athlete does not compare against others but makes an evaluation based on their own past performances.
Performance goal
when the athlete sets a goal to better their own performance rather than comparing to others.
e.g achieving a personal best time in swimming
Process goal
Based on improving technique
e.g. to achieve that personal best time, the swimmer might improve their technique on the arm action at the start of the race.
goal setting summary
1.stepping stones - process goals
2. short term - performance goals
3. long term - outcome or product goals
( process - performance - result)
What should goals set by a player include
both process and performance goals
The SMARTER principle
factors to consider when setting goals:
Specific
Measured
Achievable
Realistic
Time-bound
Evaluate
Re-do
Specific
Goals should be clear and precise. Should be specific to the performer and the sport. These goals should be clear and relevant to improve specific aspects of the performance.
e.g. a rugby player improving their left shoulder tackles by making firmer contact
Measured
Some form of assessment should occur to aid motivation. Performer should have access to statistics. Measurement allows the performer to see how much progress is being made towards completing the goal
e.g. a swimmer aiming to reduce their 50 metre freestyle time by 0.2 seconds
Achievable
The performer should be able to reach their goal. By reaching the target with a controlled amount of effort and motivation.
e.g. a team player aiming to increase the number of tackles made each game
Realistic
The goals should be within reach to promote motivation and sustain effort, yet not too difficult so that they are impossible to reach . Goals should be achievable with effort so that the player gains satisfaction and confidence from reach them. if goal is too difficult, it may cause anxiety.
e.g. a high jumper who can already jump 1.20m could aim for 1.25m
Time-bound
Short term and long term steps should be clearly defined so that there is a clear deadline for coach and player to assess if goal has been reached . can help keep motivation high if progress occurs
e.g. a team aiming to be in the top four of the league halfway through the season.
Evaluate
The performer and coach should evaluate how and when the goal was achieved so that future attempts at reaching targets can be assessed. Look at successes and failures
e.g. the team did not quite make the top four, despite excellent attacking , because of poor defending
Re-do
if the goal has not been reached, the target can be adjusted to help ensure success
e.g. aim to be in the top four near to the end of the season , with improved defensive techniques
