1. Personality Flashcards
Personality
an individuals unique characteristics which make them perform differently in sporting situations
Trait theory
suggests that an individual is born with innate characteristics , called traits , which are stable ,enduring and stay the same in different situations. Makes It easier to predict behaviour
problems with the trait theory
- does not take into account personality changes
- does not take into account that our personality can be formed by experience
Social Learning theory
suggests that behaviour is learned from significant others by socialisation
who do we learn from according to the social learning theory?
those we hold in high esteem , or significant others such as role models , friends and parents
socialisation
personality traits can be developed by associating with other people and picking up their behaviour
Nature vs Nurture
nature: characteristics are innate and part of our genetic make-up
nurture: characteristics are learned
process of behaviour
observe - identify - reinforce - copy
- we are more likely to learn reinforced
behaviour that is seen as successful and powerful - we are more likely to copy behaviour if it is consistently shown to us (e.g. social media)
Interactionist Perspective
a theory which combines trait and social learning to predict behaviour in a specific situation.
ext - a player who has the traits of being assertive or well-motivated and dominant would use these traits in a game situation
Lewin (1935) formula to explain the interactionist perspective
B=f(PxE)
behaviour is a function of personality and the environment
How does the interactionist perspective help coaches ?
by predicting how a player will react in a specific situation
What is The Hollander Approach ?
suggested that personality is made up of three features:
- the core of the performer
- the typical responses
- the role-related behaviour
the typical responses
the use of inherent traits displayed to specific situations
the core of the performer
represents the values and beliefs of the individual
the role-related behaviour
suggests the performer may adopt or adapt to a very specific role when the situation demands it
Characteristics of the core
stable , solid and not likely to change
Characteristics of the typical responses
the usual responses the player would make in a given situation
Characteristics of the role-related behaviour
further changes to behaviour may be needed as the situation demands
How can knowledge of the interactionist perspective improve performance ?
a clever coach could use this to help improve team and individual performance:
- the coach could predict any potential unacceptable or aggressive behaviour and remove the player by subbing them to avoid sending off
- the coach identify situations that cause inappropriate actions or a dropping off of performance and create similar situations in training so that the player can lean to cope.
-the coach could use the interaction sit approach to change player behaviours by encouraging players to adapt to specific circumstances (e.g a player with nerves taking penalties in training to help in future games)
What did Hollander believe ?
the environment does influence behaviour and he supported the idea of the interactionist theory.
credulous approach
when the link between personality and behaviour is accepted
skeptical approach
when the link between personality and behaviour is doupted
