11 - Drugs & the Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprises the ________ & _______ arms of the nervous system.
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprises the afferent & efferent arms of the nervous system.
The efferent (outbound) systems of the PNS comprise of the ___________ & _______ nervous systems.
The efferent (outbound) systems of the PNS comprise of the autonomic & somatic nervous systems.
The autonomic nervous system involves the ( voluntary / involuntary ) control of ( smooth / skeletal ) muscles.
The autonomic nervous system involves the involuntary control of smooth muscles.
The somatic nervous system innervates the…
Skeletal muscles
The autonomic nervous system is divided into two branches. Name them and summarise the nature of the associated response.
Sympathetic (‘fight or flight’) and parasympathetic (‘rest and digest’)
List 6 responses associated with sympathetic nervous system activation…
- Pupil dilation
- Airway dilation
- Increase in respiratory rate
- Increase in heart rate
- Increase in blood flow to limb muscles
- Increased alertness
etc…
List 5 responses associated with activation of the parasympathetic nervous system…
- Pupil constriction
- Airway constriction
- Reduced respiration rate
- Reduced heart rate
- Increased blood flow to visceral organs
etc…
Name the 2 neurotransmitters used in the autonomic nervous system…
- Acetlycholine (Ach) (mAch and nAch)
- Noradrenaline (NA)
Preganglionic synapses in the ANS use the neurotransmitter…
Acetylcholine (nAch)
Post-ganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system use the neurotransmitter __________ . However, there are two exceptions…
Post-ganglionic synapses of the sympathetic nervous system use the neurotransmitter noradrenaline.
However, there are two exceptions, sweat glands (which use Ach) and the directly innervated adrenal glands (which use adrenaline)
The post-ganglionic neurones of the parasympathetic nervous system use the neurotransmitter…
Acetylcholine (mAch)
In the efferent arm of the somatic nervous system, the NMJ uses the neurotransmitter…
Acetylcholine (nAch)
Name the 5 phases associated with neurotransmitter use at the synapse…
- Synthesis
- Storage
- Release
- Receptor interaction
- Termination
Describe the 5 phases of neurotransmitter use at the synapse for Acetylcholine…
- Synthesis - choline acetyl transferase converts choline (+ acetyl CoA) -> Acetylcholine ( + CoA)
- Storage - in vesicles
- Release - via exocytosis
- Receptor interaction - with muscarinic or nicotinic Ach receptors
- Termination - in the synapse by acetylcholine esterase
Name the subtypes of muscarinic acetylcholine (mAch) receptors…
M1, M2, M3
