1.1 developmental psychology

Question 1

define development

Answer 1

changes that occur over time

Question 2

What does a change have to be in order for it to be considered as a developmental change?

Answer 2

A change must be relatively permanent or “lasting” to be considered a developmental change

Question 3

areas of development?

Answer 3

emotional development: involves changes in how an individual experiences different feelings and how these feelings are expressed, interpreted and dealt with

cognitive development: involves changes in an individual’s mental abilities, such as reasoning, problem-solving, decision-making, perception, learning, memory and use of language

social development: involves changes in an individual’s relationships w other ppl and their skills in interacting w others, such as the ability to form and maintain close relationships w others in a group situation

Question 4

Infancy age?

Answer 4

birth- 2yrs

Question 5

childhood age?

Answer 5

2-12 years

Question 6

adolescence age?

Answer 6

12-20 years

Question 7

early adulthood age?

Answer 7

20-40 years

Question 8

middle age years?

Answer 8

40-65 years

Question 9

older age years?

Answer 9

65+

Question 10

what does a developmental norm show

Answer 10

Shows the typical skills and expected levels of achievement associated w a particular age or stage of development

Question 11

nature argument?

Answer 11

each individual is unique due to their biological, genetic basis

Question 12

nurture argument?

Answer 12

each individual is unique due to their experiences and how these experiences shaped them

Question 13

psychologists now say it’s nature and nurture working together- how does it work together?

Answer 13

Nature provides the predisposition for certain traits to be developed given the right environment (nurture)

Nurture fulfils an individual’s potential to develop certain traits and can influence an individual’s development unrelated to genetic predispositions

Question 14

what’s cross sectional research?

Answer 14

Selects and compares groups of participants of different ages over a short period of time

Question 15

what’s longitudinal research?

Answer 15

a long term investigation that follows the same group of people over an extended period of time

Question 16

benefits of cross sectional research?

Answer 16

relatively inexpensive, easy to undertake, not time consuming

Question 17

limitations of cross sectional research?

Answer 17

there can be extraneous variables that aren’t related to age (e.g. social/cultural)

difficult to make comparisons

Question 18

longitudinal research benefits?

Answer 18

lots of detail able to be obtained over a long period of time, can obtain data about long-term change

Question 19

limitations of longitudinal research?

Answer 19

expensive, difficult to conduct, takes a long time, high chance of participants dropping out of study