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Question 1

genes contain the coded formula to

Answer 1

produce proteins

Question 2

Transcription of gene coding

Answer 2

The information from the gene is copied onto another molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) that takes the information to other parts of the cell to process.

Question 3

Why does the gene need to be coded into a protein

Answer 3

because parts of the cell cannot understand the info given to them so they need it translated

Question 4

Where does transcription happen in pro and euk cells

Answer 4

Transcription occurs within the nucleus in eukaryotes and in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes

Question 5

Transcription first stage

Answer 5

initiation - RNA polymerase attaches to a promoter and starts to unwind DNA strands, the polymerase then reads the DNA strand starting to build a complementary RNA strand

Question 6

transcription second stage

Answer 6

elongation - growing of the RNA strand on the 3’ end

Question 7

transcription third stage

Answer 7

termination - When RNA polymerase reaches the end of the gene it encounters a terminator sequence of nucleotides
oThe RNA polymerase separates from the DNA and the complete RNA molecule is released

Question 8

nRNA and its codon

Answer 8

long polynucleotide strand with the code of three nucleotide bases and codes for a particular amino acid that is to be added to a polypeptide chain

Question 9

it is possible using four RNA bases to make 64 different codons, therefore

Answer 9

these 64 codons make up the genetic code

Question 10

Why is tRNA used

Answer 10

A molecule is needed that can associate both with amino acids and with mRNAs

Question 11

a tRNA with an amino acid attached is said to be charged or it is called an

Answer 11

aminocyl-tRNA