11/13 notes Flashcards
precipitation reaction
is ionic slats in a solution. It is a reaciton in which dissolved substances react to form one or more solid products
what does it mean when a solution is saturated
it means youve added enoug salt so that no more can dissolve
Why are most salts with +1 and -1 ions soluble?
salts with +1 and -1 (low energy) ions are soluble because lattice enerhues are smaller in magnitude
what are two factors affecting solubility of ionic compounds
-its charge and size mismatched ions
what is arrhenius definotin of an acid
a substance that produces H+ in a solution.
what is arrhenius defintion of a base
substance that produces OH- in a solution
difference between diproyic nd miniprotic acid is
diprotic has two H+ ions and monoprotic has 1 H+ ion
what are the three common strong acids
hydrophobic acid (monoprotic) nitric acid (monoprotic) and sulfuric acid (diprotic)
What makes an acid or base “strong” or “weak”?
strong acid will produce H+ ion in a solution and weak acids do not produce a lot of H+. A base is strong when it produces metal hydroxides ie Na and Oh. A weak base has ammonia as reactant
what is a neutralization reaction
an acid and base that goes to salt and water (if base is a carbonate or bicarbonate, CO2 gas is also produced)
spectator ions do what
nothing (ones that are not part of precipitate)
why do size mismatched ions tend to be soluble because
they cannot pack together well to firm a lattice
