11/06

Question 1

Gestalt Psychology

Answer 1

Gestalt : an organized whole.
Gestalt psychology emphasizes our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes.

Question 2

Grouping

Answer 2

The perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups.

Question 3

Proximity

Answer 3

Grouping nearby figures together.
- 3 sets of 2 instead of 6 individual lines.

Question 4

Similarity

Answer 4

Grouping based on similarity
- one set black, one set white.

Question 5

Closure

Answer 5

We fill in gaps to create a complete, whole object.

Question 6

Depth Perception

Answer 6

Organization of three-dimensional perceptions from two-dimensional images.

Question 7

Binocular Cues

Answer 7

A depth cue (such as retinal disparity) that depends on the use of two eyes

Question 8

Convergence

Answer 8

A binocular clue for perceiving distance; retinal images are combined by the brain.

Question 9

Retinal Disparity

Answer 9

A binocular clue for perceiving depth. By comparing retinal images from the two eyes, the brain computes distance - the greater the disparity (difference) between the two images, the closer the object (depth

Question 10

Monocular cues

Answer 10

Depth cues available to each eye separately, such as linear perspective or interposition.

Question 11

Linear perspective

Answer 11

The sharper the angle of convergence, the greater the perceived distance is.
- Parallel lines appear to meet in the distance.

Question 12

Relative clarity

Answer 12

Because more light passes through objects that are farther away, we perceive these objects as hazy, blurry, or unclear. Nearby objects, by contrast, appear sharp and clear.

Question 13

Relative size

Answer 13

If we assume two objects are similar in size, most people perceive the one that casts the smaller retinal image as farther away.

Question 14

Texture Gradient

Answer 14

Moving toward or away from an object changes our perception of its texture.

Question 15

Apparent Motion

Answer 15

As we move, stable objects may also appear to move. If, while riding on a bus, you fix your gaze on some point-say, a house-the objects beyond the fixation point will appear to move with you. Objects in front of the point will appear to move backward.

Question 16

Monocular parallax

Answer 16

when things that are closer to us appear to move faster than things that are farther away.

Question 17

Stroboscopic Movement

Answer 17

an illusion of continuous movement (as in a motion picture) experienced when viewing a rapid series of slightly varying still images.

Question 18

Phi Phenomenon

Answer 18

an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession.

Question 19

Autokinetic Effect

Answer 19

When we stare at a stationary light in a dark room, our natural eye movements make the light seem to move.

Question 20

Perceptual Constancy

Answer 20

perceiving objects as unchanging (having consistent color, brightness, shape, and size) even as illumination and retinal images change.
(our ability to perceive things without being deceived by changes)

Question 21

Color Constancy

Answer 21

perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object.

Question 22

Brightness Constancy

Answer 22

perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object.
It also depends on the context of the surroundings

Question 23

Shape constancy

Answer 23

We perceive the form of familiar objects.

Question 24

Size constancy

Answer 24

we perceive an object as having an unchanging size, even while our distance from it varies