11/01 notes

Question 1

when a person changes their attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors based on their surrounding group
- the need to belong
asch’s experiment

Answer 1

conformity

Question 2

experiment that found that pressure to conform increases up until around 7-10 group members, then levels off, with smaller and smaller increases after 3 members

Answer 2

asch’s experiment

Question 3

things that maximize group conformity

Answer 3

• if we feel incompetent or insecure
• if a task is ambiguous
• group decision is unanimous
• if we haven’t already made a commitment
• if we think the group is attractive, competent, or powerful
• if our behavior or opinion is to be viewed by others

Question 4

phenomenon in which a witness/bystander does not volunteer to help a victim or person in distress
- based on the social situation, not personality variables
- diffusion of responsibility

Answer 4

the bystander effect

Question 5

woman who was attacked in 1964 outside of her apartment building and lasted 45 minutes; nobody came to help her, even though ppl heard her

Answer 5

kitty genovese

Question 6

the phenomenon when the number of witnesses rises, feeling of personal responsibility lessens

Answer 6

diffusion of responsibility

Question 7

a research actor that is employed in psychological experiments to study actual participants in complex social situations

Answer 7

confederate

Question 8

a phenomenon which occurs when people mistakenly believe that everyone else holds a different opinion than their own.
- watch others to determine “correct” response
- based on Social Comparison Theory
- smoke filled room study
- presence of a confederate

Answer 8

pluralistic ignorance

Question 9

experiment where participants had to administer shocks to a “learner” (confederate)
- 65% of participants continued to administer shocks to an unresponsive learner
- people are not evil, but can be coerced into conformity

Answer 9

milgram experiment

Question 10

the psychological condition of a victim who identifies with and empathizes with their captor or abuser and their goals

Answer 10

stockholm syndrome

Question 11

experiment where male college students from stanford were paid $15 a day to be either a guard or a prisoner. study was supposed to be for 2 weeks, instead lasted 48 hours. 2 were hospitalized
- deferral of responsibility
- power differential and dehumanization increases the likelihood of maltreatment

Answer 11

stanford prison experiment (1971)