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Excretory and Digestive Systems > 10.6 The Gastrointestinal Tract Part 3 > Flashcards

10.6 The Gastrointestinal Tract Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two ducts that empty into the duodenum?

A

pancreatic duct
common bile duct

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the pancreatic duct?

A

delivers exocrine secretion of the pancreas

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the common bile duct?

A

delivers bile to the duodenumW

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4
Q

What is bile?

A

green fluid that contains bile acids which are made from cholesterol in the liver

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5
Q

What are the two main functions of bile?

A
  1. vehicle for the disposal of waste products by the liver
  2. essential for digestion of fats
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6
Q

What is the orifice that both the pancreatic duct and common bile duct use to empty into the duodenum?

A

sphincter of Oddi

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7
Q

What is enterokinase?

A

enzyme that activate the pancreatic zymogen trypsinogen to trypsin

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8
Q

What are brush border enzymes?

A

duodenal enzymes that are not truly secreted but rather do their work inside or on the surface of the brush border epithelial cells

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9
Q

What is the main role of brush border enzymes?

A

hydrolyze the smallest carbohydrates and proteins into monosaccharides and amino acids

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10
Q

What are the three main duodenal hormones

A

cholecystokinin (CCK)
secretin
enterogastrone

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11
Q

What is CCK secreted in response to?

A

fats

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12
Q

What are the function of CCK?

A
  1. causes pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes
  2. stimulates gallbladder contraction to release bile
  3. decreases gastric motility
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13
Q

What is secretin secreted in response to?

A

acid in the duodenum

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14
Q

What is the main function of secretin?

A

causes pancreas to release large amounts of high pH aqueous buffer to neutralize HCl released by the stomach

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15
Q

What is the function of enterogastrone?

A

decreases stomach emptying

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16
Q

What is the ileocecal valve?

A

separates the ileum from the cecum

17
Q

What is the main role of the large intestine?

A

absorb water and minerals
form and store feces

18
Q

What is the cecum?

A

first part of the large intestine

19
Q

What is the appendix?

A

finger-like appendage of the cecum composed primarily of lymphatic tissue

20
Q

What is the rectum?

A

last portion of the large intestine that controls defecation

21
Q

What are the two reasons colonic bacteria are important?

A
  1. presence of large numbers of normal bacteria help keep dangerous bacteria from proliferating
  2. colonic bacteria supply vitamin K

Excretory and Digestive Systems (14 decks)

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