10.3 Renal Regulation of Blood Pressure and pH Flashcards
What does the glomerular filtration rate depend on?
depends directly on pressure
What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)?
specialized contact point between the afferent arteriole and the distal tubule
What are JG cells?
afferent arteriole cells in the JGA
What are the cells of the macula densa?
cells in the distal tubule at the JGA
What type of cells are JG cells?
baroreceptors
What is the purpose of JG cells?
monitor blood pressure
What happens when JG cells notice a decrease in blood pressure?
release an enzyme known as renin
What is the purpose of renin?
catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen into angiotensin I
What is angiotensin II?
vasoconstrictor that immediately raises blood pressure and induces the release of aldosterone
What types of cells are the cells of the macula densa?
chemoreceptors
What is the function of the cells of the macula densa?
monitor filtrate osmolarity in the distal tubule
What do the cells of the macula densa do when the sense a decrease in filtrate osmolarity?
stimulate JG cells to release renin
How does renal regulation of pH occur?
when plasma pH is too high, bicarbonate is secreted in urine
when plasma pH is too low, protons are secreted in urine
What is the main enzyme involved in renal regulation of pH?
carbonic anhydrase
Where is carbonic anhydrase found in the renal system?
epithelial cells of the nephron
