10.2 Anatomy and Function of Urinary System Part 2 Flashcards
What is the renal tubule?
receives filtrate from capillaries in the capsules and empties into the collecting ducts
What are the two main purposes of the blood vessels that surround the nephrons?
- carry arterial blood toward capillaries of the capsule for filtration
- carry filtered blood and reabsorbed substances away from the tubule
What type of arteriole does blood from the renal artery flow into?
afferent arteriole
What do afferent arterioles branch into?
branch into a ball of capillaries known as the glomerulus
Where does blood flow after the glomerulus?
efferent arterioles
What causes fluid to leak out of the glomerular capillaries?
constriction of the efferent arterioles
What is the glomerular basement membrane?
filter that fluid passes through
Where does fluid enter after glomerular basement membrane?
Bowman’s capsule
Where does the process of filtration occur?
afferent arterioles
efferent arterioles
glomerulus
Bowman’s capsule
What is the process of secretion?
movement of substances into the filtrate (normally active transport) that increases the rate at which they are removed from the plasma
Where does secretion occur?
along the tubule but mostly in the DCT and collecting duct
What is the purpose of concentration and dilution?
to ensure urine volume and osmolarity are appropriate
Where does the process of concentration and dilution occur?
distal nephron
What does the distal nephron include?
DCT and collecting ducts
What are the two hormones that are involved in concentration and dilution?
ADH
aldosterone
