10.4- Dynamic Equilibrium and Le Chateliers Principle Flashcards
What are the 2 conditions in a equilibrium system ?
the rate of the forward reaction = rate of backward reaction
Concentrations of reactants and products do not change
Closed system
Reactants and products cannot escape when a reaction occurs
Are the amount of reactant and product the same ?
NO
At equilibrium RATE of the forward and backward reactions are equal
This does not mean AMOUNT OF REACTANT AND PRODUCT ARE THE SAME
What does the position of equilibrium indicate ?
Extent of the reaction
Le chateliers principle
When a system in equilibrium is subjected to an external change the system readjusts itself to minimise the effect of that change
What are the effects of temperature on equilibrium ?
Must look at the temp if it says for eg. -350kj mol it means the forward reaction is exothermic
+300 means the forward reaction is endothermic
If the forward reaction is exothermic where will equilibrium shift too ?
Increase temp = equilibrium will shift to the endothermic direction to reverse the change
Decrease temp = equilibrium will shift to the exothermic reaction to reverse the change
What are the effects of pressure on equilibrium ?
Look at number of gaseous moles
Increase pressure = shift to the side with fewer gaseous molecules to reduce the pressure
Decrease pressure = shift to the side with the most gaseous molecules
LOOK ONLY T GASEOUS MOLECULES NOT SOLIDS OR LIQUIDS
What are the effects of concentration on equilibrium ?
Increase of concentration of reactants = shift to the right
Decrease of concentration of reactants = shift to the left
Increase concentration of products = shift to the left
Decrease concentration of products = shift to the right
The effect of a catalyst on equilibrium
- does not have an effect on equilibrium
- they speed up the rate at which equilibrium is established
