101 history and Customs Flashcards
Iwo Jima 1944
in 36 days 25,851 dead
provided chain of bomber bases.
by wars end - 2400 B29 bombers carrying 27000 crewman made emergency landings.
Mexican war 1847 (halls of Montezuma)
US marines were paort of Gen. Scotts capture of mexico city. Marines stormed the castle of Chapultepec thus taking the “halls of montazuma” Later when Gen Taylor entered the city he found the streets guarded by Marines.
Explain First to fight
Marines have been in the forefront of every American war since the founding of the Marine Corps.
They entered the Revolution in 1775, just before the Declaration of Independence was signed.
They have carried out more than 300 landings on foreign shores.
They have served everywhere, from the poles to the tropics. Their record of readiness reflects pride, responsibility and challenge.
Wake island
400 man detachment from VMF 211 defended the wake for first few weeks of WW1 CO sent message “send us more japs”
Dan Daily
Smedly Butler
Both won the medal of honor twice
Daily - boxer rebellion of 1900, Haiti in 1915
Butler - Haiti 1915, Mexican campaign 1916
Hero’s of Guadalcanal
GySgt John Basilone
Won medal of honor
Explain the Marine Corps motto. When was it adopted
The official motto for the Marine Corps, “Semper Fidelis,” Latin for “Always Faithful.”
The motto, sometimes abbreviated, “Semper Fi,” was adopted about 1883.
Major Gregory “pappy” boyington
Flying tigers
VMF 214
Squadron shot down or damaged 197 aircraft in 84 days
Captured
Who is considered the first Commandant?
Capt Samuel Nicholas
Hero’s of Guadalcanal
BGen Lewis” chesty” puller
CO of 1 BN won the navy cross
Explain the term Esprit de corps
Spirit of the Unit
This implies devotion and loyalty to the Marine Corps, with deep regard for its history, traditions and honor.
It is the epitome of pride in a unit.
state the significance of the quatrefoil
?
State the significance of the mameluke sword
Pressly O’Bannon ended the piracy in Tripoli (lybia)
Was awarded the Mameluke sword.
The Mameluke sword became the officer sword.
Describe the Marine Corps emblem and state its significance
The emblem consists of an eagle clenching the Marine Corps motto in its beak, the globe (Western Hemisphere), and the anchor. The globe and anchor signify the worldwide service and sea traditions.
The spread eagle represents the nation itself.
Explain the term Devil Dog
In 1918, the Germans received a thorough indoctrination on the Marines fighting ability at the Battle of Belleau Wood.
The Marines persistent attack had the Germans calling them “Teufelhunden,” translated “Devil Dogs.”
state the significance of the NCO sword
The sword worn by Marine NCOs since 1859 was also carried throughout the American Civil War. NCO sword is the oldest weapon in continued (unbroken) service still in U.S. inventory
Explain Uncommon valor was a common virtue
Refers to largest of all-Marine battles in history.
Admiral Nimitz applied the Marines’ fighting ability on Iwo Jima to the entire Corps’ contribution during that war
What is the USMC birthdate? Where did this occur? How?
10 November, 1775 in Philadelphia at Tun Tavern, by a resolution of the Continental Congress, which “raised two battalions of Marines.”
When was emblem adopted
- from british royal marines
Customs associated with birthday
1- listen to the reading of General Lejeunes birthday message and the commandants message.
2. cake cutting ceremony - first pieces honors oldest marine, second youngest marine by the oldest marine - passing of knowledge from elder experienced marine to less experienced marine
The battle of Bladensburg
Marines and sailors stopped the britis for a few hours.
the 8th and 1 marine marracks was not burned out of respect.
First Marine Corps Aviator
Marine Aviation started on May 22, 1912 with First Lt. Alfred A Cunningham
Hero’s of Guadalcanal
Catp Marion E. Carl
First Marine Ace
When did USMC come under the Navy? What gives the Marines their current structure, mission & function?
- The National Security Act of 1947, amended in 1952
Guadalcanal August 7th
first amphibious invasion
Mantanikau river - Japanese lost 1000-5600 in night attack
- Marines held defense line protecting Henderson field
- Lewis “chesty puller” cousin of George Patton rose from private to General.
,
Who do the Marines share their motto with?
England’s Devonshire Regiment
Explain the term Leatherneck.
This nickname dates back to the leather stock, or neckpiece worn as part of the Marine Uniform during the years of 1775-1875.
Utilized to protect the neck from saber slashes, the leather bands around their throats had a side effect of ensured that Marines kept their heads erect.
- Manila - John Basilone
Marine Gunny sergeant held a machine gun until his hands blistered, ran 200 yards for more ammunition killed 38 enemy. became the 1st marine to win medal of honor in the war. was killed by mortor round at iwojima at age 27
Hero’s of Guadalcanal
Maj Gen Alexander Vandergrift
- CG of 1st Mardiv won medal of honor
state the significance of the french fourragere
5th and 6th regiments battle of belleau wood
Retreat Hell, I just got here. come on you sons of bitches do you want to live forever?
The battle of belleau woods june 1918
Guadal canal
First offensive landing operation of the war. first use of its modern offensive amphibious doctrine
What is the red stripe, what does it signify and who’s allowed to wear it?
the right to wear scarlet stripe was conferred on the Marine Corps after the Battle of Chapultepec, during the Mexican War, In honor of Marines killed or wounded during the action. The initial uniform trousers issued in 1798 after the reconstitution of the Marine Corps had scarlet piping. E-4 (CPL)
Where does the guidon bearer stand in a company formation?
The guidon bearer is one pace to the rear and one pace to the left of the company commander or the First Sergeant
- smallest unit to have is Company (except at MCRD)
Hero’s of Guadalcanal
Capt. Joe Foss
highest scoring marine ace 26 confirmed kills
Lt Gen Smith
Retreat, hell, were attacking in a different direction
Vietnam?
Brig Gen Henderson
Grand ol man was commadant for 39 years
1820 -1859
Navajo code talkers
WW2
unbreakable code used there language to communicate
Montford point marines
1st african americans in ssmc
camp johnson
pres rosevelt
1942
chosin resevior
North Korea
Dominated 10 division forces after being cut off
SSGT Meyer
1st living medal of honor recipient afghanistan
Ophae Mae johnson
first female marine
1918 during WW1
6 areas of naval doctrine
- Warfare
- Intelligence
- Operations
- Logistics
- Planning
- Command and control
