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CABS women's health > 1000ft view > Flashcards

1000ft view Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the mons

A

A fatty mound to cushion during sex and secretes pheromones

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2
Q

What is the function of the labia

A

protects the urethra and vaginal openings

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3
Q

What is within the vestibule of the vagina

A

urethra
vestibular gland
external vaginal orifice

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4
Q

Where is the Bartholin gland

A

under the labia minora

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the Bartholin gland

A

secrete lubricant into the vaginal introitus

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6
Q

What part of the ANS innervates bartholin gland

A

parasympathetic

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7
Q

What occurs to the clitoris during times of stimulation

A

dilation of arteries as a result of release of acetylcholine and nitric oxide = tissue becoming erect

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8
Q

How many nerves are within the clitoris

A

roughly 8000

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9
Q

How long is a vagina

A

around 7-9cm in length

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10
Q

What vasculature supplies the vagina

A

uterine arteries

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11
Q

What innervates the vagina

A

Sympathetic innervation from the deep perineal nerve off the pudendal nerve

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12
Q

What musculature makes up vaginal tone

A

Pubovaginalis
External urethral sphincter
Urethrovaginal sphincter
bulbospongiosus

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13
Q

What is the pouch of Douglas

A

Area between the rectal vault and the uterus

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14
Q

what surrounds the cervix

A

vaginal fornix

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15
Q

How big is a non-gravid uterus

A

7.5cm in length
5cm wide
2cm thick

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16
Q

Where is the fundus of the uterus

A

upper part of the body, above the uterine ostia

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17
Q

Where is the uterine isthmus

A

leads into the cervix

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18
Q

How does the uterus typically lie

A

anteverted laying over the bladder

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19
Q

What makes up the outer aspect of the uterine wall

A

Perimetrium

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20
Q

What is the smooth muscular layer that makes up the uterine wall

A

Myometrium

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21
Q

What layer of the uterine wall is involved with monthly menses

A

endometrium

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22
Q

What ligament supports the uterus posterior-inferior

A

Round ligament

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23
Q

What is the broad ligament

A

2 layers that sandwich the structures

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24
Q

What ligament attaches the uterus and the ovaries

A

ovarian ligament

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25
Q

What supports the fallopian tube

A

mesosalpinx of the broad ligament

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26
Q

What structure supports the ovary

A

mesovarium

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27
Q

What part of the broad ligament supports the uterus

A

mesometrium

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28
Q

What do the fimbrae do

A

They pull in oocytes from the ovary into the fallopian tube

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29
Q

What is the largest aspect of the fallopian tube

A

Ampulla

Where fertilization occurs

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30
Q

How big are the ovaries

A

roughly the size of an almond

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31
Q

What do the ovaries produce

A

sex hormones

also contains the oocytes

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32
Q

What is the most important hormone for egg development

A

estrogen

33
Q

What is the difference between the oocyte and an ovum

A

oocyte is developing
ovum is a mature egg

34
Q

What structure contains an unfertilized oocyte

A

follicle

35
Q

How many eggs are women born with

A

3 million

36
Q

How many oocytes do women have at puberty

A

300,000

37
Q

what is a primordial follicle

A

primary oocyte with one layer of granulosa cells

*stuck in prophase 1

38
Q

What is a primary follicle

A

advancing primordial stimulated by FSH with beefier granulosa cells

39
Q

What is a secondary follicle

A

more granulosa cells that secrete follicular fluid

40
Q

What are the phases of the ovarian cycle

A

follicular
luteal

41
Q

What is responsible for giving nutrients to the ovum for development

A

granulosa

42
Q

What hormone will increase follicular growth

A

FSH**
LH

43
Q

How many follicles will reach the primary follicular phase each month

A

6-12

44
Q

What occurs when granulosa cells start to proliferate

A

secondary follicle

45
Q

What layer around the proliferating cells will produce estrogen

A

Theca layer

46
Q

What is the purpose of estrogen acting on the follicle

A

increase FSH receptors

47
Q

What will estrogen and FSH do to the follicle they’re acting on

A

increase LH

48
Q

When does ovulation occur in the cycle

A

day 14

49
Q

What encases the expressed. ovum

A

corona radiata

50
Q

What is the corona radiata

A

Mass of granulosa cells

51
Q

When does LH secretion increase dramatically

A

2 days before ovulation

52
Q

What is the corpus luteum

A

The cells that remain after expulsion of the ovum

53
Q

What does the corpus luteum produce

A

progesterone

54
Q

Which layer is the functional layer of the endometrium

A

stratum functionalis

55
Q

What makes the stratum functionalis grow

A

estrogen

56
Q

What activates the stratum functionalis

A

progesterone

57
Q

What phase marks the completion of menstruation

A

Proliferative

58
Q

What hormones causes proliferation of the stroll cells and epithelial cells

A

Estrogen

59
Q

What hormone is the primary driver of the secretory phase

A

Progesterone

60
Q

how long once an egg is released does someone have to fertilize it

A

12-24 hours

61
Q

What causes menstruation to occur

A

a decrease in progesterone which will call the vessels to become vasospastic

62
Q

What causes the uterus to contract to excrete menstrual flow

A

Prostaglandins

63
Q

What fluid is contained within menstrual fluid

A

40mL blood
35mL serous fluid

64
Q

Why are there typically no clots with menstruation

A

fibrinolysin

65
Q

how frequently is GnRH released

A

every 1-2 hours for 5-25 minutes

66
Q

What is the main job of progesterone

A

prep the uterus for housing the fetus

lactation

67
Q

Where is estrogen made

A

primarily made in the ovaries

also the zona reticularis

68
Q

How does estrogen effect osteoclasts

A

prevents them

69
Q

How does estrogen effect the kidneys

A

retain Na+ and H2O

70
Q

How does estrogen effect the vaginal cells

A

changes them from cuboidal to stratified

71
Q

How much do gonadotropins increase in puberty

A

20x increase

72
Q

Where is progesterone broken down

A

in the liver and released in bile or urine

73
Q

What role in breast development does progesterone have

A

helps develop the lobules and alveoli

74
Q

When in their cycle are women more sexually aroused

A

around day 14

75
Q

What do female orgasms help with

A

fertilization

76
Q

How long will the cervix dilate after orgasm

A

Around 30 minutes post orgasm

77
Q

What may cause the uterine contractions s/p orgasm

A

thought to promote oxytocin release

78
Q

What causes sexual arousal

A

parasympathetic control from the sacral plexus, causing the dilation of the erectile tissue

acetylcholine is released

CABS women's health (6 decks)

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