10 Fire Protection Systems Flashcards
According to their intended use, standpipe systems are designated
Class I, class II, class III
The piping arrangement that carries water vertically and sometimes horizontally through a building for firefighting operations
Standpipe system
NFPA 14
Standard for the installation of standpipe and hoes systems
Class one standpipe system
Provides 2 1/2 inch hose connections and designated locations in the building for full-scale firefighting generally intended for fire department use rather than brigades or occupants
Class II standpipe system
Provide an inch and a half hose connections at designated locations for first aide firefighting. Generally intended for fire brigades and occupant use
Class III standpipe system
Combination of class one and class two systems can be used for full-scale or first aide firefighting. Both system connections present
Standpipe system types were completely redefined beginning when
1993 addition of NFPA 14
Five categories of standpipe system types
Automatic wet, automatic dry, semi automatic dry, manual dry, manual wet.
Standpipes one classified by types means
Whether or not the piping is wet or dry
Automatic dry standpipe system
Typing normally filled with pressurized air, with use of a dry pipe valve to admit water automatically upon opening a hose valve. Connected to available water supply capable of supplying firefighting
Semi automatic dry standpipe system
Piping normally filled with air pressurized or not. Operate with the use of a deluge valve to admit water into system when remote actuation device located at hose station, such as a pull station, Is operated. Also water supply feeds it for firefighting.
Manual dry standpipe system
Filled with air, do not have reconnected water supply. FDC must be used to supply water
Manual wet standpipe system
Typing normally full of water for the purpose of allowing weeks to be detected. Water supply provided by small connection to domestic water piping. Not capable of supplying water for firefighting. FDC must be used
Manual standpipe systems require
Connection to fdc for water supply
The vertical pipe or riser running through or along the outside of the building not quit with the interior lines on the FDC can feed it
Dry standpipe system.
Exterior dry standpipe systems are usually the result of what
Laws that are newer than the building
The building that has brought over a wide area maybe equipped with how many standpipes
Two or more dry systems, possibility separate from each other
A drawback to large dry standpipe systems
The time it takes to drive the air out the pipe before the line to be charged fully
Standpipe system that is connected to a water source and contains water at all times. Water must be under enough pressure to allow fire attack without need from numbers
Wet standpipe system
NFPA 14 requires that a water supply for class I and class III standpipe systems be able to deliver want to residual pressure at the outlet of the topmost hose connection
100 psi flowing 500 gallons per minute to the two topmost furthest connections.
For class II standpipe system and of NFPA 14 requires the flow of my how much
100 GPM for 30 min and maintain residual pressure of 65 psi at furthest connection
In Addition to the primary water supply on an automatic or semi automatic wet standpipe system what else is required
One or more FDC with a reliable water source nearby
In what setting are two remotely located FDCs required for each zone with the pumping range of fire apparatus in addition to the automatic water supply
High-rise buildings
When two or more sources seen a wet standpipe system which source will be the one that provides the water
The water source providing the highest pressure
This device in a standpipe system keeps possibly contaminated water from entering the potable water system
Check valve
When available which water source is almost always used as the primary source for fire protection systems
Public water works system
No other water source will need to be used standpipe system when
The Public Works system supplies enough pressure to satisfy code
The exception to public waterworks being the primary water source for standpipe systems, is in what setting
Industrial warehousing more similar, where additional water sources may be required
The most common standpipe systems in medium and high-rise apartment and office buildings
Wet system, supplied by public water works
These are used to boost the pressure in a primary supply for standpipe which usually Public Works system but could be a water tank
Pressure pumps
An alternative water supply system for standpipes, mounted on the ground with supplying wanted to story buildings were mounted above ground in taller structures
Gravity tank
Gravity tanks may hold as much as how many gallons of water
100,000 gallons of water
With a gravity tank, the pump is used to fill the tank but not to eight in developing pressure. In the system what supplies the pressure required in the standpipe system
Gravity
Pressure tanks are generally found only on what type of standpipe system
Smaller systems where they supply house lines with water for initial attack by the occupants
Pressure tanks can be located anywhere in the water supply system and generally do not exceed how many gallons and capacity
3000 gallons
What happens after a water supply 10 for standpipe system is empty
It is useless as a source therefore pumper is needed to supply the system
That’s with dry systems it went system may consist of two or more risers that may be separate or interconnected therefore firefighters must be aware of
The type of system and which one they are working on
There is one fire department intake for each riser each and take serves one riser and one riser only in which case
When standpipe riser is are separate
Post-indicator valve’s usually are found on what type of property
Industrial warehouse properties
Gate valves or outside stem and your valves for standpipes usually are installed on which type of building
Apartment buildings office and stores
Before attempting to use a standpipe system firefighter should check to make sure what
Post-indicator valve is are in the open position
The two common type of post-indicator valve us, PIV, are
Window type, butterfly type
When a PIV is not placed on the outside of the building the gate valve are outside stem and yoke might be located on the intake pipe where
In the basement or just inside the first floor if the building has no basement close to the outside wall of the building
FDC is required on which classes of standpipe systems
All class one and class III standpipe systems
On automatic and semi automatic systems FDC serves as
Auxiliary water supply
As a rule most FDC are provided with one 2 1/2 inch inlet for
Each 250 gallons per minute of design flowrate
Water pump it into the FTC always reaches the riser outlets because
There are no valves in the riser between the FTC Siamese and the outlets
The different type of Siamese type FDC are
Wall-mounted a Siamese, freestanding Siamese, freestanding multiple Siamese, and wall-mounted concealed Siamese
Signs should be provided to indicate whether an FDC serves as
Sprinkler, standpipe , or both, As well as the area being serviced by the connection
If the FDC intakes are not placed on the wall, but rather on a pipe stands away from the wall, the designations appear on
On top of the pipe just behind the point at which the two intakes wye off
Before hooking up to the standpipe system, the FTC should be checked for what
Debris on the inside of the FDC
The order in which lines should be connected into the FDC Siamese
First line hooked to the left intake and charged, second line connected to the right intake
And a dry standpipe system the pumper will hook up to the system and will be what
The primary source of water
A wet standpipe system will draw water from that source until
A fire Department pumper increases its pressure to be greater than the water pressure from the source
His pump pressure is reduced in a standpipe system for any reason, what happens
The normal source supplies the system again, opening the check valve
Is extremely important that the siamese hook up the accomplished quickly so that
Firefighters with hose lines will have water under effective pressure when they need it
The minimum size of the standpipe riser
4 inches
When the fire is severe what can be done to increase water supply on an FDC with 2 1/2 inch intakes
Fire department Siamese appliances can be placed on each side of the Siamese FDC
If an FTC is damaged and cannot be fed what can be done to supply the standpipe system
Water can be supplied to the system through the hose line outlet on the first floor
When bypassing the FDC using an interior outlet how should the standpipe feeding be prepared
Pressure reducing fittings removed, whenever possible 2 1/2 inch Siam is installed on the outlet with double female adapter so two supply lines can feed the system
When bypassing and FTC to feed a standpipe system in a wet system what should be done
Supply line to the outlet should be hooked up and charged before the outlet valve is opened
The best arrangement for supplying a standpipe system is to have a pump are positioned within what distance of the standpipe Siamese FDC
Within 100 feet
As firefighters proceed upstairs to utilize a standpipe system for fire attack they should check what
Check to ensure that all hose outlet valves are closed on their way up to avoid leaks in the system
True/false fire department personnel should never rely on house lines that are intended for use by building occupants
True
The first hose line into the building during the standpipe fire operation should be
At least 150 feet long and of a diameter indicated by the size and intensity of the fire
If the handle is missing or the valve cannot be open by hand on a standpipe outlet what could be used to open it
Pipe wrench
Hose lines that are inch and three-quarter are effective on most fires in the typical building containing a standpipe system, however what should be available for backup in case the initial line is in adequate
2 1/2 inch hose line
Do use of solid or nozzles should be considered for most fire attack with standpipes because
Because of their lower operating pressures
In large open areas firefighters must be prepared to use what for interior attack
Master stream appliance
Main tools to be carried for standpipe operations other than the attack equipment should be
Forcible entry tools, smoke ejectors, sore scba bottles , and portable lighting
And equipment pool should be set up where depending on conditions on fire floor during standpipe operations
Two or more floors below the fire
Key points for firefighter safety when entering the building for standpipe operations
Full PPE, SCBA, assignments of at least two firefighters working together, personnel accountability system
Fire that jumps from floor to floor through Exterior windows is known as
Lapping
In a high-rise fire firefighter should check the floor above the fire because of extension through what
Stairways, elevator shafts, utility shafts, or pipe chases, or lapping
Floors below the fire must be checked not only to look for extension, but also to
Conserve property
And high-rise fire situations the elevators and stairways are managed by
Lobby control
Elevator should not be used to gain access to
The fire floor or any floor above the fire or sub levels with a fire below
Firefighters you should take the elevator to which floor
Two floors below the fire
Firefighters using an elevator should bring which tools
Forcible entry tools, to force the door open if they become stuck
Firefighter should make the standpipe connection where
The floor below the fire or an intermediate landing
If one and three-quarter inch hose lines are to be used for initial attack on the standpipe what should be used in addition
A Wye should be placed on the outlet or attached to a short length of 2 1/2 hose so two attack lines can be attached
On making the initial how stretch with standpipe operations how should it be stretched
Attached one floor below the fire and stretched one floor above the fire for easy advance
If smoke or fire is detected on the fire floor where should the standpipe connection be made
In the stairway and not from the standpipe connection in a Corredor
If fire or smoke is extending into the Corredor what should be done with the hose prior to advancement
The hoseline should be charged
Which their way should be used for advancing hose lines in a highrise
Stairwell closest to the fire
When firefighters are using the stairwell to advance hose lines they must be careful not to impede
Evacuation progress of tenants
If the initial hose line connected to the floor below is able to control the fire what can be done with the next attack line connection
It can be made in the corridor of the fire floor
When a long corridor is completely involved and fire stream should be directed
As far into the hallway as possible
When a fire has gained considerable headway in a high-rise what could be used
The master stream of plans, supplied from one or more standpipe outlets
The fire is involved in a building close enough to other buildings hose streams can be utilized from nearby buildings using standpipes true/false
True
For exposure protection, if aerial devices cannot reach, how could exposures or fire be controlled
By using standpipes on adjacent buildings
If in the event too much water is being pumped from municipal supply what could be drawn from to augment water supply in a last resort
Gravity tanks from uninvolved buildings
Properly pressurize sprinkler heads can distribute water over what area
100 ft.² or more
Four basic types of sprinkler systems
My pipe system, dry pipe system, pre-action system, deluge system
Sprinkler system where the piping is always filled completely with water from the source to the heads.
Wet pipe system
The simplest and one of the least expensive type of sprinkler systems
Wet pipe system
A drawback to the wet pipe sprinkler system
Cannot be use an unheated buildings or for exterior protection due to freezing risk
Sprinkler system that contains water only from the source to a control valve, piping from the valve to the head to contain compressed air
Dry pipe system
Control valve and a dry system
Dry pipe valve
Where is the dry pipe valve usually located in unheated building
If an unheated areas and closed in an insulating and heated closet or cabinet to protect from freezing
A dry pipe system with the addition of air exhausters controlled by a supplemental fire detection system, designed to minimize the time lag by exhausting compressed air before sprinkler head opens
Pre-action system
And a pre-action system where are the air exhaust is typically located
At the dry pipe valve
Where are deluge sprinkler systems usually installed
I hazard locations, such as aircraft hangers chemical plants laboratories and Transformers
The type of sprinkler system that contains water only from the source to a control valve for the piping from the valve to the heads contains room air and the heads are open at all times
Deluge sprinkler system
recommended practice for fire department operations and Properties protected by sprinkler and standpipe systems
NFPA 13E
When arriving at a sprinkler operation firefighters should initially check what of the system
Main valves sprinkler riser and fire pump to ensure all are functioning properly
During an actual fire incident with sprinkler operations a firefighter must be assigned to what devices to ensure continued operation of the system
Main valve, fire pump
During a sprinkler operation what is the job of the engine company
To a sure that the water supply is adequate for the sprinkler system
When should an engine company hook to the sprinkler system
Immediately on arrival
Generally, what pressure should a sprinkler system be fed at by the pump
150 psi
Why must the pump operator monitor her discharge pressure when feeding a sprinkler system
Pressures can fluctuate based on the amount of sprinkler heads opening
If hose lines are being used during a sprinkler operation which water source should be used
Attack lines should be supplied using a different water system than the one supplying sprinklers
Sprinklers can be used for exposure protection when what happens at the exposure
It’s sprinkler system is activated
In order to prevent premature shut down the sprinkler system, in the event the fire is not fully extinguished, what should be done
Place a firefighter at the control valve to reopen if necessary
During sprinkler operations if possible when should property conservation begin
During extinguishment
True/false, the sprinkler system should not be restored to service before firefighters leave the building
False if possible the sprinkler system should be restored
If it is not possible to place the sprinkler system and service soon after a fire what should be done
Firewatch detail
