[10] Electron Transport Chain Flashcards
What is the Electron Transport Chain (ETC)?
A series of protein complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfer electrons and pump protons to create a proton gradient.
What is the location of the Electron Transport Chain?
The inner mitochondrial membrane.
What are the main components of the Electron Transport Chain?
- Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase)
- Complex II (Succinate dehydrogenase)
- Complex III (Cytochrome c reductase)
- Complex IV (Cytochrome c oxidase)
- ATP synthase
What is the role of Complex I?
Transfers electrons from NADH to the electron transport chain and pumps protons across the membrane.
What is the role of Complex II?
Transfers electrons from FADH2 to the electron transport chain.
What is the role of Complex III?
Transfers electrons from ubiquinone to cytochrome c and pumps protons across the membrane.
What is the role of Complex IV?
Transfers electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen, pumping protons across the membrane and forming water.
What is the role of ATP synthase in the Electron Transport Chain?
Uses the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
What is NADH in the context of the Electron Transport Chain?
An electron carrier that transfers electrons to Complex I.
What is FADH2 in the context of the Electron Transport Chain?
An electron carrier that transfers electrons to Complex II.
What is the role of oxygen in the Electron Transport Chain?
Acts as the final electron acceptor, combining with electrons and protons to form water.
What is the definition of the initials ETC?
Electron Transport Chain.
What is the definition of the initials NADH?
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (reduced form).
What is the definition of the initials FADH2?
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (reduced form).
What is the definition of the initials ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate.
How many ATP molecules are produced per NADH and FADH2?
Approximately 2.5 ATP per NADH and 1.5 ATP per FADH2.
What is the overall purpose of the Electron Transport Chain?
To create a proton gradient for ATP production.
What happens if oxygen is not present in the Electron Transport Chain?
The chain stops, as oxygen is necessary to act as the final electron acceptor.
What is the result of the Electron Transport Chain?
Generation of a proton gradient used by ATP synthase to produce ATP.
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
The process of ATP production using the energy released by the Electron Transport Chain.
