10 Flashcards
Are secreted from the glands of the endocrine system, they are specific in that each hormone causes a response in a specific target organ or group of cells, rather than on the body as a whole.
HORMONES
are secreted via a duct into the
blood and usually effect a distant organ or tissue.
EXOCRINE HORMONES
are secreted within the tissue
(rather than via a duct) and enter the blood stream via capillaries.
ENDOCRINE HORMONES
Endocrine hormones are secreted within the tissue (rather than via a duct) and enter the blood stream via ______.
CAPILLARIES
6 classes of hormones
• STEROID
• AMINE
• PEPTIDE
• PROTEIN
• GLYCOPROTEIN
• EICOSANOID
Derived from cholesterol which belong to a chemical compounds known as steroids.
STEROID HORMONES
Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol which belong to a
chemical compounds known as _____.
STEROIDS
Examples of Steroid Hormones
• SEX HORMONES
• ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES
derived from the modification of amino acids are referred to as amine hormones. Typically, the original structure of the amino acid is modified such that a
COOH, or carboxyl, group is removed, whereas the NH3 + , or amine group remains.
AMINE HORMONES
are synthesized from the amino acids
tryptophan or tyrosine.
AMINE HORMONES
An example of a hormone derived from tryptophan is _____, while tyrosine derivatives include thyroid
hormones and catecholamines.
MELATONIN
These hormones are made up of only few amino acid residues and they are usually present themselves in a form of linear chains.
PEPTIDE HORMONES
Examples of Peptide Hormones:
• OXYTOCIN
• VASOPRESSIN
These hormones are build up from large number of amino acid residues.
PROTEIN HORMONES
Examples of Protein Hormones
• INSULIN
• GLUCAGON
• SOMATOTROPINS
These are conjugated protein bound to
carbohydrate which include galactose,
mannose, fructose.
GLYCOPROTEIN HORMONES
Glycoprotein hormones are conjugated protein bound to carbohydrate which include ______, _____,______.
GALACTOSE, MANNOSE, FRUCTOSE
Examples of Glycoprotein Hormones
LH - LUTEINIZING HORMONES
FLH - FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONES
TSH - THYROID STIMULATING HORMONES
Made up of small fatty acid derivatives with a Variety of arachidonic acid.
EICOSANOID HORMONES
Example of Eicosanoid
PROSTAGLANDINS
are classified according to the organs that synthesize them
STEROID HORMONES
Classifications of Steroid Hormones:
• SEX HORMONES
• ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES
• PLACENTA HERMONES
These are group of hormone that produced in the testes in males and ovaries in the female.
SEX HORMONES
The male sex hormones are usually referred to as?
ANDROGENS
The principal androgen is known as?
TESTOSTERONE
These hormones are produced primarily by the testes and in discrete amounts by the adrenal cortex.
SEX HORMONES