1 - Zill - Larynx Flashcards
Larynx
Main Functions?
- Sound Production
- Closes respiratory system - allows increas in abdominal pressure
Cricoid
Complete ring of artilage with narrow Arch ant. and broad Lamina posterior
What motion does the Arytenoid permit?
Swivel = Rotate
Sliding = Ab/Aduct
Synovial Joints of Larynx:
Structures - Movement - Action
Thyroid and Cricoid - Tilting - Change Pitch of Sound
Arytenoid and Cricoid - Sliding / Rotations - Open of Close Larynx
Epiglottis
Leaf shaped cartilage posterior to root of tongue
Ligaments of Larynx: Structural
Throhyoid Membrane
Cricothyroid Membrane
Cricotracheal Ligament
Quadrangular Membrane
Thyroepiglottic Ligament
Links?
Throhyoid Membrane
Links: Larynx to Hyoid
Cricothyroid Membrane
Links: Thyroid to Cricoid
Circotracheal Ligament
Links: Cricoid to First Tracheal Cartilage
Quadrangular membrane
Links: Arytenoid to Epiglottis
Thyroepiglottic Ligament
Links: Epiglottis to Thyroid Cartilage
Ligaments of Larynx: Functional
Vocal Ligaments
Relative Lengths M/F?
Upper free edge of conus
Sound Production
Longer in males, deeper voice and Adam’s Apple
Ligaments of Larynx: Functional
Conus Elasticus
Attachment?
Functions?
Vibrating lips that arise from entire upper edge of arch of cricoid
Attach: Ant. to Throid, Post. to Arytenoid
Functions:
- Sound Production (vibrate lips like trumpet player)
- Close Rima Glottidis - stops outflow of air, increase abdominal cavity pressure
Vestibular Folds
False vocal cords
Intrinsic Muscles of Larynx:
Role?
- Change pitch by changing tension in vocal ligament, increase tension raises pitch (and vise versa)
- Open and Close RIma Glottidis
Cricothyroid
Action?
Innervation?
Action: Tenses vocal ligament increasing pitch
Nerve: External Laryngeal (X)
Thyroarytenoid Muscles
Action?
Nerve?
Action: Adjacent to vocal ligament, relaxes vocal ligaments to decrease pitch
Nerve: Recurrent Laryngeal (X)
Open and Closing of Rima Glottidis:
Open movement?
Close movements?
Open: Rotate Laterally (Posterior Cricoarytenoid)
Close: Rotate Medially (Lateral Cricoarytenoid), Slide (Arytenoideus)
Arytenoid
Action?
Nerve?
Action: Transverse and Oblique
Adduct vocal folds
CLOSE RIMA GLOTTIDIS
Nerve: Recurrent Laryngeal (X)
Lateral Crico Arytenoid
Action?
Nerve?
Action: Adduct vocal folds
CLOSE RIMA GLOTTIDIS
Nerve: Recurrent Laryngeal (X)
Posterior Crico Arytenoid
Action?
Nerve?
Action: Abducts Vocal Fold
OPENS RIMA GLOTTIDIS
Nerve: Recurret Laryngeal (X)
Aryepiglottic Muscle
Action?
Nerve?
Action: Pulls down epiglottis down during swalling, covers inlet to larynx
Not necessary in adult human
Nerve: Recurrent Laryngeal (X)
Superior Laryngeal Nerve
Type?
Branches?
Branchiomotor
Branches:
- Internal Laryngeal N. - Visceral Sensory to Larynx Above true vocal folds
- External Laryngeal N. - Branchiomotor to Cricothyroid
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Type?
Targets?
Branchiomotor
Visceral Sensory to Larynx below True Vocal Folds
Targets: All muscles of Larynx besides Circothyroid
Arterial Supply to Larynx
Superior Laryngeal Artery from Superior Thyroid Artery from External Carotid
Inferior Laryngeal Artery from Inferior Thyroid Artery
Clamp this during surgery
Clinical: Choking during allergic reactions?
Mucos is tightly attached to vocal folds, in Anaphylactic Shock, swelling of Vestibular folds can constrict airway and lead to suffocation
Clinical: Tracheotomy
Risk?
Open airway to lungs below obstructed larynx, cut between 1/2 or 2/3 Tracheal Arches
- - -
Risk: Can accidently cut Inferior Thyroid Vein(s)
Clinical: Cricothyrotomy
Procedure during anaphylactic shock, insert tube to Cricothyroid membrane (less bleeding)
