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SF2 - Test 1 > 1 - Zill - Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

1 - Zill - Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Somatic Motor spinal nerves

A

Voluntary skeletal muscles–derived from somites

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2
Q

Somatic Sensory spinal nerves

A

Precise sensation to skin joints, muscle, tendon receptors (in head, also nasal and oral cavities)

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3
Q

Visceral Motor spinal nerves

A

(Efferents)

Autonomics - smooth muscles (including arrector pilae muscles of skin), blood vessels; secretomotor to glands

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4
Q

Visceral Sensory spinal nerves

A

Imprecise sensation from gut, blood vessels, glands, internal organs (in head, pharynx which is rostral end of gut)

In your throat, you have no precise sensation or feelings

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5
Q

Classifications of Innervation found Only in Cranial Nerves

A

Special Senses: Vision, hearing, balance (vestibular apparatus)

Chemical Senses: Taste and smell

Branchiomotor: Voluntary skeletal muscles from branchial arches

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6
Q

Somatic Nervous Systems:

Somatic Motor

Somatic Sensory

A

Somatic Motor (Efferents) - Voluntary activities (limb, eye movements, walking; Conscious Actions

Somatic Sensory (Afferents) - Sensory neurons that innervate skin, provide precise conscious sensation of touch, pressure, pain, sense of body position (prioception)

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7
Q

Two Groups of Somatic Motor in Head?

A
  1. Eye Muscles - Extraocular muscles that move eye (and lift upper eyelid)
  2. Muscles of Tongue
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8
Q

Somatic Sensory in Head

A

Mostly CRANIAL NERVE V - precise sensation sensory to skin, also oral cavity, nasal cavity

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9
Q

Visceral Motor

A

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Efferents

Control smooth and cardiac muscle, glands, and internal organs–largely unconscious actions

Mostly Smooth Muscle

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10
Q

Visceral Sensory

A

Afferents - sensory neurons that innervate internal organs, blood vessels, only provide imprecise localization of sensation and dull sense of pressure, pain, etc

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11
Q

Outflow of Parasympathetics vs Sympathetics

A

Parasympathetics - Cranio-Sacral outflow - in Cranial Nerves (3, 7, 9, 10)

- - -

Sympathetics - not in cranial nerves - come from spinal cord - Thoraco Lumbar outflow

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12
Q

Cranial Nerves:

1-12

A

1 - Olfactory

2 - Optic

3 - Oculomotor

4 - Trochlear

5 - Trigeminal

6 - Abducens

7 - Fascial

8 - Vestibulo-cochlear

9 - Glossopharyngeal

10 - Vagus

11 - Accessory

12 - Hypoglossal

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13
Q

What forms extrinsic muscles of eye?

Cranial nerves?

A

Preotic somites

Cranial Nerves:

3 - Oculomotor

4 - Trochlear

6 - Abducens

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14
Q

What forms muscles of tongue?

Cranial nerves?

A

Occipital Somites

Cranial Nerve 12 - Hypoglossal

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15
Q

Somatic Sensory in Head?

A

Almost all Trigeminal V

*Exception: Skin of outer ear (7, 9, 10)

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16
Q

Bell’s Palsy

A

Lesion in Cranial Nerve 7

Paralysis of Facial Muscles

In recovery, patients may complain of earaches

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17
Q

Trigeminal borders?

A

V1 - Forehead, upper eye, bridge of nose

V2 - Lower eye, nostrol, to upper lip

V3 - Lower lip to chin, cheek

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18
Q

Location of cell bodies of sensory neurons in Trigeminal Nerve?

Location of cell bodies of sensory neurons in Cranial Nerve 7?

A

Trigeminal (Semilunar) Ganglion

Geniculate Ganglion

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19
Q

Preganglionic vs Postganglionic Neuron differences in Sympathetics and Parasympathetics?

A

Sympathetics - Ganglia close to vertebrae

Parasympathetic - Ganglia close to target organ

20
Q

Where do Sympathetics originate from?

A

Not in cranial nerves

Come from spinal cord - Thoraco-lumbar outflow

21
Q

What is the path of sympathetics to head?

What is the highest ganglia in the chain?

A
  1. Preganglionic neuron (1) in spinal cord leaves and ascends sympathetic chain
  2. Postganglionic Neuron (2) in Superior Cervical Ganglia
  3. Joins Plexus on Internal and External Carotid Arteries in Unnamed Branches

- - - -

Highest ganglia = Superior Cervical Ganglia

22
Q

Ciliary Ganglion

A

Parasympathetics - Cranial Nerve 3

Sphincter Pupillae M.

Ciliary M.

23
Q

Pterygopalatine Ganglion

A

Parasympathetics - Cranial Nerve 7

Lacrimal Gland

Mucous Glands of Oral and Nasal Cavities

Palate

24
Q

Submandibular Ganglion

A

Parasympathetics - Cranial Nerve 7

Submandibular Gland

Sublingual Gland

25
Q

Otic Ganglion

A

Sympathetics - Cranial Nerve 9

Parotid Gland (in front of ears)

Mumps

26
Q

Pre-ganglionic Neurons with Cranial Nerve X

(Parasympathetics)

A

Vagus

Heart

Lungs

Gut proximal to left colic flexure

Kidney

27
Q

Innervation of Pharynx

A

Visceral Sensory = Imprecise, “Popcorn Stories”

Naso - 7

Oro - 9

Laryngo - 10

28
Q

Special Sense Nerve of Eye

A

Cranial Nerve 2 - Optic Nerve

29
Q

Special Senses - Nerves of Ear

A

Cranial Nerve 8 - Vestibulocochlear (Auditory)

a) Cochlea - hearing
b) Semicircular Canals (vestibular apparatus) - balance

30
Q

Special Senses - Taste and Smell

A

Smell - Cranial Nerve 1 - Olfactory Nerve

Taste - Cranial Nerves:

10 - Vagus (ant. to epiglottis)

9 - Glossopharyngeal (post. 1/3 tongue)

7 - Facial (ant. 2/3 of tongue)

31
Q

Origin of branchiomotor nerves?

Order of development?

A

Branchial Arches

5 - 7 - 9 - 10 - 11

32
Q

Branchiomotor: V

A

All in V3

Muscles of Mastication

mylohyoid

tensor tympani

tensor palati

anterior belly of digastric

33
Q

Branchiomotor: 7 (Facial)

A

Muscles of facial expression

stylohyoid

posterior belly of digastric

stapedius

34
Q

Branchiomotor: 9 (Glossopharyngeal)

A

Stylopharyngeus

35
Q

Branchiomotor: 10 (Vagus)

A

All muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus)

Muscles of larynx

All muscles of palate (except tensor palati)

36
Q

Branchiomotor: 11 (Accessory)

A

Sternocleidomastoid

trapezius

37
Q

Bell’s Palsy ear symptoms?

A

Due to Cranial Nerve 7, your own voice is not dampened and hearing your own voice can be too loud

38
Q

Test for Cranial Nerve 10

A

Have the patient say “Ahhhh!”

39
Q

Cranial Nerve # - Role

A

1 - Olfactory - Smell

2 - Optic - Vision

3 - Oculomotor - Eye Movements; Parasympathetics to eye smooth muscles

4 - Trochlear - Eye Movements

5 - Trigeminal - Sensory nerve to skin, pain, temperature touch to oral and nasal cavities, (outer ear)

6 - Abducens - Eye Movements

7 - Facial - Muscles of Facial Expressions, taste, parasympathetics

8 - Vestibulo-Cochlear - Hearing & Balance

9 - Glossopharyngeal - Sensory to pharynx, back of tongue (gag reflex)

10 - Vagus - Motor to pharynx (most), larynx (voice box), soft palate, parasympathetics to thorax, abdomen

11 - Accessory - Motor to sternocleidomastoid, trapezius

12 - Hypoglossal - Motor to muscles of tongue

40
Q

Somatic Motor Cranial Nerves

A

Voluntary muscle form somites

Eye: 3, 4, 6

Tongue: 12

41
Q

Somatic Sensory Cranial Nerve

A

Precise Sensory - skin, nasal/oral cavity, joint position, muscles

5 (V1, V2, V3)

Bell’s Palsy to ear ache - 7, 9, 10

42
Q

Visceral Motor Cranial Nerves

A

Autonomics - Parasympathetics

3, 7, 9, 10

43
Q

Visceral Sensory Cranial Nerves

A

Imprescise sensory (blood vessels, organs, pharynx)

Pharynx: 7, 9, 10 (popcorn)

Middle ear: 9

44
Q

Special Senses Cranial Nerves

A

Vision - 2

Hearing and Balance - 8

45
Q

Chemical Senses Cranial Nerves

A

Smell - 1

Taste - 7, 9, 10

46
Q

Branchiomotor Cranial Nerves

A

Voluntary skeletal muscle from Branchial Arches

5, 7, 9, 10, 11

Memorize Incantation

47
Q
A

SF2 - Test 1 (20 decks)

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