1. Self efficacy (Bandura's model)

Question 1

Define confidence

Answer 1

• A belief in the ability to master a task.

Question 2

Define self-efficacy

Answer 2

• The amount of confidence an athlete has in a specific task, sport or situation.

Question 3

Characteristics of a confident performer

Answer 3

• Try harder.
• Take risks.
• Show approach behaviour (NACH).
• More likely to win.

Question 4

How can confidence vary?

Answer 4

• Confidence can vary in intensity, with the situation and depends on the interaction.

Interaction= experience, situation and personality.

Question 5

Interaction: Experience

Answer 5

• If you have experience of an activity, you are more likely to perform better, especially if that experience has been positive.
  e.g. If a team has beaten their rivals quite heavily, they are more likely to think that they can beat them again.

Question 6

Interaction: Situation

Answer 6

• If you have a player in your team that has taken free kicks or penalties and scored them, the player with the experience in that specific situation is the one confident enough to step up and do it again.

Question 7

Interaction: Personality

Answer 7

• There are 2 types of confidence- trait and state confidence.

Question 8

Trait confidence characteristics

Answer 8

• Natural/ innate.
• Consistent level of confidence shown in most situations.
• Player is happy to take part.
• Anxiety is low.
• Trait sports confidence is concerned with how a performer rates their ability to perform across a wide range of sports.

Question 9

State confidence characteristics

Answer 9

• Refers to a specific sport or situation, such as taking a penalty.
• Can be described as temporary.
• Can vary depending on the interaction: experience and personality of performer.
• How a performer rates their ability to perform in a particular moment.

Question 10

Banduras model of self- efficacy

Answer 10

• Bandura’s model of self efficacy focuses on a performers state confidence in any one situation.
• He suggested that this confidence could vary from moment to moment and change between situations.

Question 11

Define self efficacy

Answer 11

• The amount of confidence an athlete has in a specific task, sport or situation.

*(the feeling that success is likely).

Question 12

What are the 4 factors affecting self efficacy?

Answer 12

1. Performance accomplishments.
2. Vicarious experiences (‘copying others’).
3. Verbal persuasion.
4. Emotional arousal.

Question 13

1. Performance accomplishments

Answer 13

• Self efficacy is influenced by what you have done in the past or past experiences.
• If you have achieved it before, you are likely to be confident to achieve it again.
• Success raises self-efficacy.
• Performance accomplishments can be enhanced if the players not only achieved the win but also enjoyed the experience.

Question 14

2. Vicarious experiences

Answer 14

• Watching others of a similar age/ ability do the same task and be successful.
• “If they can do it, so can I”.

Question 15

3. Verbal persuasion

Answer 15

• Reinforcement (N & P) and encouragement from others.
• Highly effective when given from significant others (parents, family, peers, coaches).

Question 16

4. Emotional arousal

Answer 16

• Use of cognitive and somatic strategies to control stress, arousal and anxiety levels (visualisation/ mental rehearsal).
• Having an emotionally level state or entering the ZOF.