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Bacte Lab (Prelims) > 1. Microscopy > Flashcards

1. Microscopy Flashcards

1
Q

A field of science that is use to detect microorganisms from a microscope.

A

Microscopy

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2
Q

What do you called a rod shaped bacteria with purple coloration?

A

Gram positive bacilli

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3
Q

What do you call a round shaped bacteria with red/pinkish coloration

A

Gram-negative cocci

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4
Q

What objective lens is used to observe bacteria in a compound microscope

A

Oil-immersion objective lens

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5
Q

This is the extent to which detail in the magnified object is maintained

A

Resolution

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6
Q

It is the closest distance between two object that when magnified

A

Resolving power

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7
Q

It is the degree of enlargement

A

Magnification

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8
Q

This makes objects stand out from the background

A

Contrast

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9
Q

It is use to highlight a microorganisms that helps in differentiating from the others.

This also reduce the transparency of microorganisms under a micrscope

A

Staining technique

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10
Q

Alternative option to increase the contrast and resolution if staining technique is not an option

A

Reduce the microscope aperture diaphragm

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11
Q

A microscope that produces a DARK IMAGE against a LIGHTER BACKGROUND

A

Bright-field Microscope

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12
Q

A type of bright-field microscope that has only one lens which employs a concave mirror

A

Simple microscope

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13
Q

A type of bright-field microscope that employs 2 lenses, one plane mirror at one side and a concave mirror on the other.

This uses a series of lenses

A

Compound microscope

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14
Q

Part of a compound microscope that has fixed platform that provides a placement of a slide

A

Stage

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15
Q

A type of stage that can be move vertically and horizontally

A

Mechanical stage

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16
Q

A type of stage that is usually used in less sophisticated microscopes with no stage controls

A

Fixed stage

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17
Q

What is the purpose of the opening on the center of the stage?

A

allows passage of light

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18
Q

A shutter, controlled by a lever that is used to regulate the amount of light entering the lens system

Determines how much light will enter on the microscope

A

Iris Diaphragm

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19
Q

It is located below the stage and contains 2 sets of lenses that collect and concentrate light as it passes upward

A

Abbe Condenser

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20
Q

It houses the les system that magnifies the specimen

A

Body Tube

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21
Q

Where is Ocular lens located?

A

Eyepiece

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22
Q

It adjust the ocular lens

A

Diopter adjustment

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23
Q

Where is objective lens situated?

A

Revolving nose piece

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24
Q

What is the magnification of scanner

A

4X

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25
Q

What is the magnification of low power objective lens

A

10X

26
Q

What is the magnification of high powered lenses

A

40X

27
Q

What is the magnification of oil immersion objective lens?

A

100X

28
Q

What is the magnification of ocular lens

A

10X

29
Q

The resolving power lens is dependent on the wavelength of light

A

True

30
Q

What is the purpose of LPO?

A

To locate specimen and usually use to observe parasite and fungi

31
Q

Is the function f the diameter of the objective lens in relation to its focal length

A

Numerical Aperture
Wavelength
RP = ——————–
2 x numerical aperture

32
Q

The shorter the wavelength, the greater the resolving power, true or false?

A

True

33
Q

What reagent is use to clean the lenses?

A

Xylol

34
Q

Why xylol cannot be use often?

A

It may loosen the lens

35
Q

When will you put oil immersion on the slide?

A

Once you focused the low-powered lens

36
Q

Should you rotate the objective lens slowely?

A

Yes, to fully immerse the OIO on the oil

37
Q

What to wipe the lens on the microscope?

A

Lens paper

38
Q

The use of xylol is to remove oil from the stage only?

A

True

39
Q

A type of microscope that does not uses any dye or stain in viewing the microorganisms

A

Phase-contrast microscope

40
Q

What specimen should you use in phase contrast microscope?

A

Wet mount (Urine and Vaginal sample)

41
Q

In phase contrast microscope, an increase refractive index decreases the light intensity.

A

True

42
Q

What dye is used in fluorescent microscope?

A

Fluorophores / Fluorochromes

43
Q

Process by which the dyes raise energy to a higher level when absorbing ultraviolet light

A

Excitation

44
Q

A process by which a dye molecules return to their normal state, lower energy state, they will release excess energy in a form of ?

A

Visible light

This process called Fluorescence

45
Q

What are the disadvantage of fluorescent microscope?

A

Photobleaching and Quenching

46
Q

It is a chemical damage to the fluorochrome that results into loss of fluorescence

A

Photobleaching

47
Q

It is a result of transfer of light energy to nearby molecules in a sample such as free radicals, salts of heavy metals or halogens

A

Quenching

48
Q

A type of dyes that used to confirm the presence of bacteria in a blood culture when gram staining is difficult to interpret

A

Acridine orange

49
Q

A fluorescent dye that can be use to determine mycolic acid

A

Auramine-Rhodamine

50
Q

Use to detect chitin in a fungi

A

Calcofluor white

51
Q

A type of microscope that light directly to the specimen and the background is dark

A

Dark-Field microscope

52
Q

How does specimen is being hit on dark field microscope?

A

Oblique angle

53
Q

A type of microscope Uses electrons to visualize small objects

A

Electron microscope

54
Q

A type of Electron microscope that visualize internal structure of an object by passing the electron beam through it

A

Transmission electron microscope

55
Q

A type of electron microscope that provides 3D surface view of an object

A

Scanning electron microscope

56
Q

What is the magnification of Electron microscope

A

100,000,000x

57
Q

If the oil immersion lens is gummy or tacky, what should you use to clean it?

A

Lens paper with xylol

58
Q

How to remove xylol from the lens

A

95% alcohol

59
Q

Most microscopes are ______, which means that when one lens is in focus, other lenses
will also have the same focal length and can be rotated into position without further major
adjustment

A

parfocal

60
Q

It defined as erratic random movement of the microscopic particles in a fluid or in the wet mont

A

Brownian movement

61
Q

What method or medium is best observe for motility?

A

Hanging drop preparation and wet mount

62
Q

A type of movement that has a distinct movement of a bacteria and not random

A

True motility

Bacte Lab (Prelims) (7 decks)

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