1. introduction to microbio

Question 1

this is the study of microorganisms

Answer 1

microbiology

Question 2

this is defined as a living organism that requires a microscope to be seen. may range from 1mm down to 0.2 micrometers

Answer 2

micro-organism/microbe

Question 3

T/F: microorganisms can exist as single cells or a group of cells

Answer 3

true

Question 4

the _____ is the smallest unit of life

Answer 4

cell

Question 5

this is a membrane enclosed compartment of a water solution containing compounds and molecules that carry out metabolism

Answer 5

cell

Question 6

in the 1300s, the ________ killed 1/3 of European peoples. over the next 80 years, the disease wiped out 75% of the European population

Answer 6

plaque (aka the Black Death)

Question 7

in the 1900s, the ____ pandemic caused 17-50 million deaths worldwide, caused by the H1N1 virus

Answer 7

influenza (Spanish flu or great influenza)

Question 8

T/F: bacterial infections are the leading cause of death worldwide

Answer 8

false: second leading cause of death worldwide

Question 9

these two scientists isolated specific agents and proved that they could cause disease by experimental methods

Answer 9

Louis pasteur and robert koch

Question 10

these are cells that lack a defined nucleus and membrane bound organelles. include bacteria and archaea

Answer 10

prokaryote

Question 11

these are cells that have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles. include plants, animals, fungi, and protists (algae and protozoa)

Answer 11

eukaryotes

Question 12

this is a microscopic creature that consists of a non-cellular particle-containing genetic material that takes over the metabolism of a cell to generate more of these particles

Answer 12

virus

Question 13

what does the structure of a virus consist of?

Answer 13

protein coat (or capsid) and nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)

Question 14

this part of a virus protects the nucleic acid and facilitates attachment and penetration of the host cell by the virus

Answer 14

capsid

Question 15

these are infectious particles that consists only from single stranded RNA without protein capsized. they are smaller than viruses and usually infect plants

Answer 15

viroids

Question 16

these are transmissible proteinaceous agents (no nucleic acid components, just protein). they are the causative agents for degenerative CNS disease in humans and animals.

Answer 16

prions

Question 17

T/F: the normal or cellular form of the prion protein (PrPc) is expressed on the surface of neutrons of only infected brains

Answer 17

false- expressed on the surface of neutrons of both infected and non infected brain. PrPc undergoes a conformational change to PrPsc which is what causes disease

Question 18

what are the three noncellular infectious agents?

Answer 18

1. viruses
2. viroids
3. prions