1. Injury Flashcards
Apoptosis
Points
Define Physiological 5 Pathology 5 Abnormal Morphology Indentify 6 Biochemical changes 4 Molecular mechanism 5 Variant 3
Apoptosis
Define
Coordinated genetically Programmed cell sucide
Apoptosis
Physiological
Development of embryo
Hormone dependent tissue involution uterus breast
Replacement proliferation intestinal epithelium
Clonal deletion of b and t cells
Elimination of blood cells after role
Apoptosis
Physiological
Development of embryo
Hormone dependent tissue involution uterus breast
Replacement proliferation intestinal epithelium
Clonal deletion of b and t cells
Elimination of blood cells after role
Apoptosis
Pathological
Damage to DNA
Accumulation of misfolded protein endoplasmic stress Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s
Viral infection
Transplant rejected cytotoxic t cell
Atrophy on withdrawal of stimulus prostate orchiectomy
Apoptosis
Pathological
Damage to DNA
Accumulation of misfolded protein endoplasmic stress Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s
Viral infection
Transplant rejected cytotoxic t cell
Atrophy on withdrawal of stimulus prostate orchiectomy
Apoptosis
Abnormal
Decreased apoptosis increased cell survival
Mutation in tp53 cancer cells survive
Lymphocytes defective accumulation
Exaggerated apoptosis
Myocardium in mi
Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s
Apoptosis
Morphology
Single cell cluster of cell among viable cell Round to oval Shrunken Eosinophilic cytoplasm mummified Pyknosis Cell membrane blebs Apoptotic bodies No acute inflammation Phagocytosis
Apoptosis
Intentify
Stain hematoxylin feulgen stain DNA change gell electrophoresis Immunohistochemical stain with caspase 3 antibody Florencent annexin 5 phosphatidylserine Tunel dna break
Apoptosis
Biochemical change
Clevage of nuclear cytoskeletal protein
Protein protein cross linkage
DNA condensation fragmentation oligonucleosomes
Phagocytosis surface receptors on macrophages recognise phosphatidylserine thrombospondin
Apoptosis
Molecular mechanisms list
Initiation of apoptosis
Withdrawal of survival signals balance Agents of cell injury
Initiation of death signalling pathway
Mitochondrial intrinsic pathway
cytochrome c
Anti bcell lymphoma 2 bcl xl MCL 1 and proapoptotic bax bak families
Extrinsic cell death receptor
Tumor necrosis factor type 1
Transmembrane protein fas. fasl on cytotoxic cd 8 t cell
Bind fas associated death domain in cytoplasm
Activation of initiator caspases
Mito
Cyt c apaf 1 apoptosome precursor caspase 9
Death
Tnf tnfr1 fas fasl fadd caspase 10 8 fadd like interleukin converting enzyme inhibitory protein
Activation of apoptosis executing caspases
Executioner caspases 3 6 DNA ase chromatin clumping cytoskeletal damage disrupted er mitochondrial damage disrupted cell membrane
Removal of dead cells
Phosphatidylserine promotes phagocytosis Thrombospondin Complement system component c1q
Necroptosis
.programmed necrosis
Bone growth plate
Viral defence
Steatohepatits
Crohn’s
Necrosis
.
Calcification
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