1- genetic testing Flashcards
what values do you consider when estimating genetic merit
parent average, genotypic value, breeding value, progeny difference, producing ability
what is parent average
genetic average of each parent’s genetic value
what is genotypic value
value of an individual’s genes on their own performance
breeding value
value of an individuals genes on their progenys performance
what is progeny difference
expectation of what the progeny inherits from the parent
producing ability
performance potential of an individual for a repeated trait
what is progeny testing
used to estimate an individuals breeding value based on the average merit of progeny produced
what is prediction equation
reference population (herd) and their phenotypes and genotypes can give you associations between SNP and phenotypes that can be used in the main population
rate of genetic change
sq rt(genetic variance) * selection differential (intensity) * sq rt (accuracy)/ Generation interval
what does rate of genetic change measure
effectiveness of selection
which element of the rate of genetic change can we not change
genetic variance
what 3 major category of traits selected in dairy cattle
production, conformation, health
what is total performance index
to select for a high performing individual
evaluates the traits into a single numerical selection index/breeding value
total performance index used by
holsteins
feed efficiency index:
(dollar value of milk)-(feed costs of extra milk)-(extra maintenance costs)
holstein only
targeted indexes
uses a subset of individual traits to achieve a more specific goal
-cheese merit, fluid merit
reproductive indexes
calving ability, fertility index
inbreeding causes what 2 things in cows>
- recessive fertility haplotypes
- bovine weaver syndrome
what 2 pieces of info are included in genomic evaluations with NO numeric value and DO NOT influence merit estimations
parentage verification, genetic conditions
young bulls reduce generation interval, thus ________ rate of genetic change
increase
increase rate of genetic change by
reducing generation interval and increasing selection intensity
Is there total performance index in horsese
NO
