1- domestication Flashcards
what is domestication syndrome
when domesticated species tend to share a suite of morphological and behavioral traits
examples of domestication syndrome in animals
inc. docility, coat color changes, reduced tooth size, carniofacial changes, modified ear/tail formation, reduced brain size
what is the hypothesis for domestication syndrome
reduction of neural crest cell migration which leads to brain changes and morphological phenotypes
(can see this specifically in loss of pigment at tips of face, paws, tail, ventral surface)
when a species is domesticated, its population size _____ meaning drift will be powerful
shrinks
under domestication, the forces of ___________ are relaxed
natural selection
examples of pre adaptions that correlation with successful domestication
- efficient diet (herbivores more efficient than carnivores)
- fast growth
- ability to breed in captivity
- proto-tameness (not prone to panic)
- social structure
3 pathways of domestication
1.commensal
2. prey
3. directed
what has domestication done to genetics
-reduced genetic diversity
-morphological /behavioral changes due to artificial selection
-migration/ hybridization with wild species
commensal pathway
-started out accidental
-one benefit, other neutral
-human environment attracts animals
-those that are least fearful get food
examples of animals domesticated by commensal pathway
dog, cat, rats, mice, chicken, pigeon, duck
what is prey pathway
humans capture and breed animals for prey easy access
examples of animals domesticated via prey pathway
pig, sheep, goat, cattle, llama
what is the directed pathway of domestication
humans purposely domesticate by breeding for certain traits
examples of animals domesticated via direct pathway
horse, donkey, rabbit, buffalo,
complex diseases differ substantially between breeds which indicate
a genetic basis
