1-Early Tensions Between The East And West Flashcards
What is a Cold War?
A conflict without fighting taking place
How long did the Cold War last for?
1945-46
Over 40 years
Between USA and the Soviet Union
What was the grand alliance?
The alliance between the USA, Britain and Soviet Union during WW2
What happened in February 1945?
- Churchill, F.D.R And Stalin met at a peace conference in Yalta
- Wanted to decide what to do with Germany once they had won
- Last meeting and Roosevelt died/ replaced by Harry Truman and Churchill lost the elections
What happens at the Tehran Conference 1943?
- Roosevelt wanted this meeting
- Meeting was successful for Stalin as F.D.R sided with him ( he was ill)
- They agreed the Soviet’s would invade Japan after Germany was defeated
What did the 3 leaders agree on in the Yalta conference?
- Eastern Europe would be a Soviet’s ‘sphere of influence’
- Divide Germany into 4 zones
- Divide Berlin into 4 zones= western (capitalist) + eastern ( communist)
What did the leaders disagree about at the Yalta conference?
- How much Germany should pay in reparations
- Poland: Stalin wanted Poland but Churchill and F.D.R persuaded him to allow free elections there
Who attended the Potsdam Conference and when was it?
- Truman, Stalin and Attlee
- July 1945
What happened before the Potsdam conference that changed the relations between the leaders?
- Soviet troops liberated countries in Eastern Europe but did not remove military presence
- Stalin set up a communist government in Poland ignoring agreements made at Yalta
What were some agreements made in Potsdam?
- Nazis were banned
- Germany to be demilitarised
What were some disagreements at Potsdam?
- Did not know what to do with Germany
- Free election= Stalin did not want but the others did
What was the Long and Novikov telegrams and why were they significant?
- Kennan sent a ‘Long telegram’ to Truman and great,y influenced his policies
- ‘Novikov Telegram’ sent to Stalin by novikov= harden Stalin attitude towards the USA + worsen relations
What countries did the Red Army remain in occupation?
All the eastern countries, these countries became known as satellite states ( countries that Russia wanted to make Communist)
What happened in August 1945?
USA dropped bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to make Japan surrender - seen as threat to the Soviet so they started making their own atomic bomb
How did Stalin make sure communism succeeded in the eastern countries elections?
- Used Soviet military to keep opposition quiet
- Took over media, security and defence
- People’s democracies was set up
