1 - 3 Flashcards
Personal endings
-ō/m, -s, -t
-mus, -tis, -nt
How to form the Imperative
Singular = infinitive without the final “re.”
For plural add “te.” For the plural third conjugation, the theme vowel “e” shifts to “i.”
emperor, commander (in chief), general, ruler
imperator, imperatoris
N (3rd) M
Pontifex Maximus
N (3rd) M
high priest
war, warfare, combat
bellum, belli
N (2nd) N
drive, urge, conduct, act
ago, agere, egi, actus
V (3rd)
Rules for forming the imperative
Remove “re” from second principal part for the singular.
Add “te” for the plural. For the third conjugation plural the remaining “e” shifts to “i.”
sick person, invalid, patient
aeger, aegri
N (2nd) M
say, speak, tell
dico, dicere, dixi, dictus
V (3)
eat
edō, edere, ēdī, ēsum
flowers
flōrēs
woman/women
mulier/mulierēs
How do we indicate that what follows is a question?
Attaching the enclitic particle “-ne” to the first word.
put, place, put aside, put away
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positum
V (3rd) TRANS
Be well, fare well
valē (sing.), valēte (pl.)
sell
vendō, vendere, vendidī, venditus
conquer
vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus
wine
vīnum
Cut, cut down, slay, slaughter
caedō, caedere, cecīdī, caesum
What does the Indicative Mood spell out
Facts
How is the Subjunctive Mood used?
Exhortations
Purpose
Indirect questions
For actions that are:
Unreal
Circumstantial
Hypothetical
Possible
Hoped for
Results
Potential
be made, come into existence, become, happen
fio, fierī, factus, sum
V SEMIDEP
cease, desist, stop
dēsinō, dēsinere, desīī
learn
disco, discere, didicī, discitus
V (3rd) TRANS
in order that/to, so that, how, as, when, while, even if
ut
lest, that not, so that not
nē
to be a fool
ineptire
light
lūx
What attaches to a second word to indicate “and”
-que
live
vivo, vivere, vīxī, vīctus
drink
bibō, bibere, bibī, bibitus
say, speak, tell
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus
students
discipulī, dicipulae
food
cibus, cibi
N 2nd M
eat
edō, edere, ēdī, ēsum
is
est
and
et
Gaul
Gallia
soldier/soldiers
milēs, mīlitēs
woman/women
mulier/mulierēs
put, place, put aside, put away
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positus
Be well
Valē/Valēte
sell
vendō, vendere, vendidī, venditum
Greetings
Valē/Valēte
speech, saying, command
dictum
N (4th) M
Do, drive, lead
agō, agere, egi, actum 3º
Conjugate fiō, fierī, factus, sum 3º: be made, become happen in the Present Subjunctive
fiam, fiās, fiat / fiāmus, fiātis, fiant
Conjugate desinō, dēsinere, dēsiī 3º: cease, stop, desist in the Present Active Indicative.
dēsino, dēsinis, dēsinit / dēsinimus, dēsinitis, dēsinunt
Conjugate desinō, dēsinere, dēsiī 3º: cease, stop, desist in the Present Active Subjunctive.
dēsinam, dēsinās, dēsinat / dēsināmus, dēsinātis, dēsinant
