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MIDTERMS HEMA LEC > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

blood cell count aka: ______

  1. more cell there are, the more turbid the sample is
  2. wherein we prepare the
    sample we dilute it and count them under the
    microscope
  3. most routine cell counting procedures in the
    laboratory in the hematology laboratory today

estimation of the # of blood cells in a known volume of blood
1. RBC
2. WBC
3. PLATELETS

A

hemocytometry

  1. TURBIDIMETRIC
  2. MICROSCOPIC
  3. AUTOMATED

estimation of the # of blood cells in a known volume of blood
1. several millions in µL
2. several thousands in µL
3. several hundred thousand in µL

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2
Q

AUTOMATIC PIPETS:

  1. automatic pipet because it can be filled with blood via capillary action
    - has a red bulb with a single graduation on top of the bulb which it __
  2. plastic disposable pipet that already contains
    into it the diluent inside the reservoir of the container
    - inside it is the diluting fluid
    - to protect the pipet from breaking
    - thin plastic at the bottom that seals the fluid in it
    - connects the diaphragm to pipette
A
  1. TRENNER
    - 101
  2. UNOPETTE
    - Plastic reservoir
    - Pipet shield
    - diaphragm
    - overflow chamber
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3
Q

UNOPETTE DILUENTS
RBC
WBC
PLATELET

A

NSS diluent
Acetic acid diluent
Ammonium oxalate diluent

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4
Q

NON-AUTOMATIC PIPETS:
_____: non-automatic pipet due to the need to suck the blood and the diluting fluid.

  1. volume w/ stem / bulb only
    - wbc
    - rbc
  2. dilutions
    - wbc
    - rbc
  3. size
    - smaller
    - larger
  4. bore
    - smaller
    - larger
A

THOMA PIPET

  1. volume of w/ stem / bulb only
    - 11; 10 units
    - 101; 100 units
  2. dilutions
    - 1:10/1:100
    - 1:100/1:1000
  3. size
    - wbc
    - rbc
  4. bore
    - rbc
    - wbc
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5
Q

recommended dilution: Anticipated WBC count

  1. 1:10
  2. 1:20
  3. 1:100
  4. 1:200
A
  1. 0.1-3.0
  2. 3.1- 30.0
  3. > 30.0
  4. > 100
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6
Q

give 6 characteristic of diluent fluids

CHARACTERISTICS OF BLOOD CELLS

  1. wbc reagent should be
  2. rbc reagent should be
A

cheap & economical
easy to secure & stable
w/ preservative action
w/ high specific gravity
w/ buffer action
non-allergic & non-corrosive

CHARACTERISTICS OF BLOOD CELLS

  1. Hypotonic
  2. Isotonic
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7
Q

COMMONLY USED ACCORDING TO RULINGS

Depth:
1. Fuchs-Rosenthal
2. Speirs-Levy
3. Improved Neubaeur

Volume:
1. Fuchs-Rosenthal
2. Speirs-Levy
3. Improved Neubaeur

Total Volume:
1. Fuchs-Rosenthal
2. Speirs-Levy
3. Improved Neubaeur

A

Depth:
1. 0.2mm
2. 0.2mm
3. 0.1mm

Volume:
1. 3.2 mm^3
2. 2.0 mm^3
3. 0.9 mm^3

Total Volume:
1. 6.4 mm^3
2. 8 mm^3
3. 1.8 mm^3

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8
Q

COMMONLY USED ACCORDING TO RULINGS

how many ruled areas:
1. Fuchs-Rosenthal
2. Speirs-Levy
3. Improved Neubaeur

dimension of ruled areas:
1. Fuchs-Rosenthal
2. Speirs-Levy
3. Improved Neubaeur

A

how many ruled areas:
1. 2 ruled areas
2. 4 ruled areas
3. 2 ruled areas

dimension of ruled areas:
1. 4x4mm
2. 2x5mm
3. 3x3mm

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9
Q

DILUTING FLUIDS

WBC
1. most ideal wbc diluent
2. best wbc diluent
- lyre rbc
- make nucleus prominent

RBC
1. best rbc diluent
- provides preservative action
- another component
2. used in cases of emergency when no other RBC diluting fluids are available
3. can stand for a long time and no corrosive effect
4. prevents precipitation of
CHONS
5. has high specific gravity and with stain

A

WBC
1. 2-3% glacial acetic acid
2. turk’s solution
- glacial acetic acid
- aq. gentian violet t

RBC
1. Formol-Citrate (Dacie’s fluid)
- formalin
- 3% sodium citrate
2. NSS
3. Hayem fluid
4. Gower fluid
5. Toison fluid

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10
Q

vol of blood to pipette dilution

WBC
- .1
- .5
- 1
- ratio is from __:___

RBC
- .1
- .5
- 1
- ratio is from __:___

A

WBC
- .1 = 100
- .5 = 20
- 1 = 10
- 1:10 - 1:100

RBC
- .1 = 1000
- .5 = 200
- 1: = 100
- 1:100 - 1:1000

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11
Q

first formula

A

cells counted x DF x VCF

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12
Q

second formula

A

cells counted x DF x 1 cumm/ A x depth

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13
Q

third formula

A

cells counted x DF x 10
/
Area

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14
Q

corrected wbc count formula

A

uncorrrect wbc count
/
100 + NRBC

x 100

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15
Q
  1. New SI unit for WBC
  2. New SI unit for RBC
  3. New SI unit for Platelets
A
  1. WBC x 10^9/L
  2. RBC x 10^12/L
  3. Plt x 10^9/L
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16
Q

technical/ human errors (3)
standard/ equipment errors (2)

lab equipments should be certified by _______

A
  • wrong pipetting
  • inability to identify cells
  • unfamiliarity of formula
  • not calibrated
  • not clean

National Bureau of Standards

17
Q

errors that happens when we do not the cells to settle before counting

  1. ____ law of distribution: cells are settled at random
  2. theoretical: ___; Pratical: ____
A

Inherent/Field Error

  1. Poisson’slawofdistribution
  2. 10mins; 2 mins
18
Q
  1. Itisonlyexpressedinrelationtohow
    many cells we counted off.
  2. Itgivesustheexactnumberofcellsper
    unit volume of blood
A
  1. Relative Count
  2. Absolute Count
19
Q

Procedure During Thoma Pipet:

  1. increase blood = ___ diluted
  2. decrease blood = ___ diluted
  3. ___ min vol of blood that can be added which has the highest dilution
  4. ___ max vol of blood that can be added which has the lowest dilution
A
  1. less
  2. more
  3. 0.1
  4. 1
20
Q
  1. if patient has high wbc (leukemia), we need to ____ the dilution
  2. if patient has low wbc (anemia), we need to ____ the dilution
A
  1. INCREASE
  2. DECREASE
21
Q

parts of hemocytometer:
1. thicker & has more dimension than ordinary coverslip; placed on top of mounting support
2. where coverslip is placed
3. where fluid overflows
4. where fluid is filled
5. distance between counting chamber & coverslip

A
  1. cover glass
  2. mounting support
  3. overflow area
  4. filling notch
  5. depth
22
Q

inverted l rule:
1. for 2 lines: consider _____ as boundary line; if outside is touch, it will not be considered
2. for 3 lines: consider _____ as boundary line; if last is touch, it will not be considered

A
  1. INNER LINE
  2. MIDDLE LINE
23
Q

CELL DIFFERENCE:
1. EVERY 1 WBC MISCOUNTED IS EQUIVALENT TO
2. EVERY 1 RBC MISCOUNTED IS EQUIVALENT TO

Good Distribution of Cells
1. WBC
2. RBC

counting in 2 ruled areas:
1. if difference between ruled areas is >2 SD
2. if difference between ruled areas is = or <2 SD

A
  1. 50 cells/uL
  2. 10000 cells/uL
  3. > 15
  4. > 20
  5. RECHARGE & RECOUNT
  6. COMPUTE THE AVG & REPORT

MIDTERMS HEMA LEC (10 decks)

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