08. Andningssystemet

Question 1

Andningssystemets funktioner

Answer 1

• Gasutbyte (O2 +CO2)
• Reglera pH

Question 2

Three basic steps in respiration

Answer 2

1. Pulmonary ventilation (breathing)
2. External (pulmonary) respiration
3. Internal (tissue) respiration

Question 3

Övre andningssytem

Answer 3

Näsa + svalg (pharynx)

Question 4

Nedre andningssystem

Answer 4

Struphuvud (larynx)
Luftstrupe (trachea)
Luftrören (bronchus)
Lungor

Question 5

Epiglottis

Answer 5

Struplock - stängs vid sväljning för att inte mat ska åka ner i luftstrupen

Question 6

Alveol

Answer 6

Lungblåsorna - där gasutbytet med kapillärerna sker

Question 7

Pressure changes in pulmonary ventilation

Answer 7

1. Relaxation: Diaphragm is relaxed - alveolar pressure = atmospherical pressure (760mmHg) –> no air flow
2. Inhalation: diaphragm contracts –> chest cavity expands –> alveolar pressure below Patm (758mmHg) –> air flows in –> lung volume expands
3. Exhalation: Diaphragm relaxes –> chest + lungs recoil –> chest cavity contracts –> alveolar pressure above Patm (762mmHg)

Question 8

Dalton’s Law

Answer 8

Total pressure in a gas mixture is the sum of component partial pressures.

ex air: Ptot=PN2+PO2+PH2O+PCO2+Pother

Question 9

Henry’s Law

Answer 9

Amount of disolved gas X in a liquid is prop to Px and ans solubility

Question 10

Transport of CO2

Answer 10

HCO3- (bikarbonat) (70%)
Hb-CO2 (23%)
Disolved in plasma (7%)

Question 11

Transport of O2

Answer 11

Hb-O2 (98.5%)
Dissolved in plasma (1.5%)