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Micro > 07b: MMR > Flashcards

07b: MMR Flashcards

1
Q

Measles: part of (X) family, (Y) genera. Causes measles, aka (Z).

A 
X = paramyxoviridae
Y = Morbillivirus
Z = rubeola
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2
Q

Paramyxoviridae: (helical/icosahedral) nucleocapsid with (ss/ds) (RNA/DNA). Does virus carry polymerase?

A

Helical;
ssRNA (neg-sense)

Yes - RNA-dep-RNA Pol needed!

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3
Q

Paramyxoviridae: (enveloped/non-enveloped) with 2 types of “spikes” made from (X). List these.

A

Enveloped;
X = glycoproteins

  1. F protein (for fusion with host membrane)
  2. H protein (viral attachment; a hemagglutinin)
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4
Q

Paramyxoviridae: defective (X) would prevent virus from forming syncytia.

A

X = F protein (glycoprotein “spike”)

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5
Q

Neutralizing Ab made against Paramyxoviridae target (X) structure.

A

X = H protein (glycoprotein “spike”)

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6
Q

T/F: Paramyxoviridae contains multiple serotypes.

A

False - 1

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7
Q

Which part of Paramyxoviridae replication occurs in host cell nucleus?

A

None - replication/assembly in cytoplasm

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8
Q

T/F: Paramyxoviridae releases virions from host via budding

A

True

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9
Q

T/F: There are max a few hundred cases worldwide per year of measles.

A

False - 20 million! (Esp among unvacc children in low-income countries with poor healthcare)

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10
Q

Measles is transmitted via (X).

A

X = respiratory droplets

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11
Q

T/F: There have been cases of measles and mumps outbreaks via transmission from petting zoo animals.

A

False - human is the only host for these viruses!

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12
Q

Measles Rash is caused by:

A

CTLs attacking infected endothelial cells lining small blood vessels in the skin

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13
Q

Measles rash, aka (X), occurs following (primary/secondary) viremia. Where does it start/spread?

A

X = rubeola
Secondary

Face (below ears) and spreads to lower extremities

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14
Q

Measles: primary replication occurs in (X) and is followed by (Y) spread, leading to primary viremia.

A 
X = URT
Y = lymphatic
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15
Q

T/F: Measles-specific Ab can be detected prior to appearance of rash.

A

False - a few days afterward

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16
Q

T/F: Once measles-specific Ab become detectable, virus cannot be recovered and patient is no longer contagious.

A

True

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17
Q

Measles virus infection causes a (transient/permanent) depression in the numbers/activity of
(X) WBCs during the incubation period.

A

Transient;

X = B and T cells

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18
Q

Measles primarily cleared by (humoral/CM) immune response. And mumps? And rubella?

A

CM (Ab limit viremia) for all three

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19
Q

T/F: Lifelong immunity is generated after measles, mumps, AND rubella infection/recovery.

A

True

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20
Q

List the classic symptoms of measles prodrome.

A
  1. Cough (and high fever)
  2. Conjunctivitis/photophobia
  3. Coryza (runny nose)
21
Q

Bright red lesions with a white central dot on buccal mucosa are formally called (X) and diagnostic of:

A

X = Koplik’s spots

Measles

22
Q

60% of deaths due to measles are result of which complication?

A

Pneumonia

23
Q

(X) complication of measles almost always fatal. It occurs how long after infection?

A

X = Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE); persistent infection of brain

About 7 years

24
Q

Measles in pregnant woman associated with:

A

Stillbirth (fetus can die if infected)

25
Q

T/F: Hemagglutination, syncytia formation, and nuclear inclusion bodies can all be used in measles lab diagnosis.

A

Most true, but CYTOPLASMIC inclusion bodies

26
Q

T/F: U.S. measles vaccine given to neonates a few days after birth to prevent infection in vulnerable period.

A

False! Live, attenuated vaccine not given before 15 mo of age; maternal Ab protects

27
Q

T/F: U.S. avoids administration of all live, attenuated vaccines.

A

False - MMR vaccines are live (few side effects)

28
Q

Mumps: part of (X) family, (Y) genera.

A 
X = paramoxyviridae
Y = rubulavirus
29
Q

T/F: Epidemiology and transmission of mumps is similar to measles.

A

True

30
Q

(Mumps/Measles/Rubella) makes your (X) and (Y) as big as “POMPoms”.

A

Mumps;
X = parotid glands (Parotitis)
Y = testes (Orchitis)

M = meningitis (aseptic)
P = pancreatitis
31
Q

T/F: Mumps infection will only occur once in host IF both parotid glands are affected.

A

False - only occurs once, even if unilateral parotitis

32
Q

T/F: As soon as mumps-specific Ab is present, virus cannot be recovered (from mouth/urine).

A

False

33
Q

T/F: CNS involvement (aseptic meningitis) during mumps is rare (5%) and fatal.

A

False - common (50%) and resolves without sequelae

34
Q

Rubella: part of (X) family, (Y) genera. Causes rubella, aka (Z).

A 
X = Togaviridae
Y = Rubivirus
Z = German measles
35
Q

Rubella virus: (helical/icosahedral) nucleocapsid with (ss/ds) (RNA/DNA). Does virus carry polymerase?

A

Icosahedral;
ssRNA (pos-sense)

No viral polymerase (its gene is encoded in viral genome and translated in host cell)

36
Q

T/F: MMR viruses all contain hemagglutinin glycoprotein spikes.

A

True

37
Q

Rubella virus: (enveloped/non-enveloped) and (X) number of serotypes.

A

Enveloped;

X = 1

38
Q

Rubella virus: enters host cell via (X). (Y) causes the nucleocapsid release.

A 
X = receptor-mediated endocytosis
Y = fusion with acidified endosome
39
Q

Rubella virus: Upon release of viral genome, (X) occurs. Then, (Y) occurs.

A 
X = translation/cleavage of plus-sense RNA (to produce viral RNA Pol)
Y = Viral RNA Pol transcribes neg-sense RNA
40
Q

T/F: Rubella virus releases virions from host cell via budding.

A

True

41
Q

T/F: There have been cases of rubella virus outbreaks via transmission from petting zoo animals.

A

False - human only host!

42
Q

Rubella virus: transmission via (X) routes.

A

X = resp droplets and transplacentally

43
Q

Rubella virus: primary replication in (X), then viremia and spread to organs/skin. The rash is a result of (Y).

A 
X = nasopharynx/local lymph nodes
Y = Ab/Ag complexes
44
Q

T/F: Rubella is a milder disease than measles in kiddos.

A

True

45
Q

(Measles/mumps/rubella) can cause serious arthritis symptoms in adults, via (X) mechanism.

A

Rubella;

X = Immune-mediated complexes

46
Q

Congenital (measles/mumps/rubella) syndrome is seen in trimester (1/2/3) of non-immune F pregnancy. This can cause which issues primarily in which body systems?

A

Rubella;
1st;

Eye, heart, ear (“I heart ruby earrings”); also can be fatal

47
Q

Infants that survive (X) infection in utero are reservoirs for perpetuating the microorganism for 30 months!

A

X = congenital rubella syndrome

48
Q

T/F: Lab diagnosis for MMR done in the same way(s).

A

False - rubella virus hard to isolate and no significant CPE for presumptive diagnosis (use serology)

49
Q

Pregnant woman is sero-negative for rubella. What should be done?

A

Not vaccine; give immune globulin

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