01a: Staph, Strep Flashcards
Staph: Gram (pos/neg), catalase (pos/neg) (aerobes/anaerobes).
Pos; pos; facultative anaerobes
T/F: Staph is non-motile.
True
Staph aureus typically found where on body?
Anterior nares
T/F: Staph Aureus, S. Epidermidis, and S. Sapropyticus are all beta-hemolytic.
False - only S. Aureus (other are non-hemolytic)
Clinical hallmark of S. Aureus infection.
Abscess formation
Coagulase positive test is important to distinguish Staph (X) from…
X = Aureus
Other Staph species (ex: S. Epidermidis and S. Saprophyticus)
List the exotoxins of S. Aureus.
- Enterotoxin
- TSST
- ET (Exfoliative Toxins)
- PV Leukocidin
- Alpha, beta, delta, gamma toxins
List the exotoxins of S. Epidermidis.
NONE
T/F: All S. Aureus strains carry TSST.
False - only 5-25%
Which (endo/exo)-toxin(s) in Staph (X) responsible for WBC and RBC lysis?
Exotoxin;
X = Aureus
PV Leukocidin and alpha, beta, delta, gamma toxins
Which bacteria is leading cause of osteomyelitis, aka (X).
X = infection of bone
S. Aureus
Which (endo/exo)-toxin(s) in Staph (X) responsible for Scalded Skin Syndrome? What’s the mechanism?
Exotoxin;
X = Aureus
ET (Exfoliative Toxins); Ser proteases that cleave cell adhesion molecules (separate epidermis)
T/F: There are no vaccines for any Staph species.
True
Most common method of transmission of S. Aureus.
Direct contact or fomites
Most common method of transmission of S. Epidermidis.
Endogenous
Most common method of transmission of S. Saprophyticus.
Sexual contact
How are S. Epidermidis and S. Saprophyticus distinguished?
S. Epidermidis: Novobiocin-sensitive
S. Saprophyticus: Novobiocin-resistent
What is the most common cause of septic arthritis in adults?
S. Aureus
Staph (X) can ferment mannitol, turning the agar plate (Y) color.
X = aureus Y = yellow
Favored treatment of Chlamydia is (X) because it’s a one-time treatment, but (Y) is also given.
X = azithromycin (macrolides) Y = doxycycline
T/F: Chlamydiaceae is facultative intracellular parasite.
False - obligate intracellular parasite
T/F: Ceftriaxone is given as treatment in patient with Chlamydia.
True, but to treat potential Gonorrhea
Which beta lactams can be used to treat Chlamydia?
None! No peptidoglycan in cell wall of Chlamydiaceae!!
Stain used to visualize Chlamydiaceae. And best method of diagnosis via (X).
Giemsa
X = NAAT
T/F: Chlamydia is most commonly reported STI in US.
True
Neonate with “stacatto” cough has (X) disease, secondary to (Y) infection. What else would you expect to see in this neonate?
X = pneumonia Y = transmitted chlamydia ceae trachomatis infection
Conjunctivitis
T/F: Both Chlamydophila pneumoniae and C. psittaci infections present with pneumonia.
True
Elderly male smoke presents with pneumonia and diarrhea. What infectious agent is at the top of your differential? What other signs will verify this?
Legionella pneumophila
Hyponatremia, HA, confusion, high fever
