06a: Adeno, Parvo, Polyoma Viruses

Question 1

Most infections with adenoviruses are (symptomatic/asymptomatic). Does asymptomatic shedding occur?

Answer 1

Asymptomatic; yes

Question 2

Adenovirus is (enveloped/non-enveloped), (RNA/DNA) virus with (icosahedral/helical/complex) capsid symmetry.

Answer 2

Non-enveloped; dsDNA, icosahedral

Question 3

Adenovirus replicates in (nucleus/cytoplasm) using (host/viral) DNA polymerase. It then uses (host/viral) RNA polymerase for transcription and assembles in (nucleus/cytoplasm).

Answer 3

Both assembly and replication in nucleus;

Viral DNA Pol, host RNA Pol

Question 4

Adenovirus progeny released via (budding/lysis).

Answer 4

Lysis

Question 5

T/F: Adenoviruses are found worldwide, all year.

Answer 5

Partly true - worldwide, but seasonal (winter)

Question 6

Half of children, before age 5, will have four different (X) virus infections, which cause 5-10% of (Y) disease.

Answer 6

X = adeno-
Y = respiratory

Question 7

Major route of spread of adenovirus is via (X). What are other routes of transmission?

Answer 7

X = aerosolized droplets

Fomites, fecal-oral route, direct inoculation of conjunctiva

Question 8

T/F: Immune response to adenovirus will provide life-long immunity against the virus.

Answer 8

Life-long immunity acquired, but only against SPECIFIC serotype of the adenovirus

Question 9

T/F: Dissemination and viremia of adenovirus are common among the immunocompetent.

Answer 9

False - among immunocompromised; infection usually local

Question 10

In young children (under 3), adenovirus infection usually presents as:

Answer 10

Acute febrile pharyngitis (cough, stuffy nose, inflamed pharynx) - like strep

Question 11

(X) is the most common cause of acute viral conjunctivitis.

Answer 11

X = adenovirus

Question 12

In older children (over 3), adenovirus infection usually presents as:

Answer 12

Pharyngoconjunctival fever

Question 13

Acute Respiratory Disease (ARD) outbreak occurs among military recruits. Which (bacteria/virus) is responsible? What are the symptoms?

Answer 13

Adenovirus;

Cough, fever, pharyngitis

Question 14

Adenovirus is a significant problem among hospitalized patients, causing (X) disease.

Answer 14

X = gastroenteritis and diarrhea

Question 15

Most common adenovirus infection treatment is (X). If severe infection, (Y) is used.

Answer 15

X = supportive 
Y = antivirals (cidofovir) and IVIG

Question 16

B19 is the most important (X) virus associated with disease in humans.

Answer 16

X = parvo-

Question 17

(X) virus is very hardy (survives pH 3-9) and heat-stable. It has (RNA/DNA) genome and (icosahedral/helical/complex) capsid symmetry.

Answer 17

X = parvo
ssDNA (neg-sense)
Icosahedral

Question 18

Transcription/replication of parvovirus takes place in (cytoplasm/nucleus). And assembly in (cytoplasm/nucleus). It uses (host/viral) factors and polymerases and releases progeny via (budding/lysis).

Answer 18

All in nucleus;
all host;
Lysis

Question 19

(X) virus targets erythroid-derived cells because they are (Y).

Answer 19

X = parvovirus;
Y = actively dividing

Question 20

T/F: Nearly 90% of adults over 50 are IgG positive for parvovirus B19.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Spread of parvovirus is likely via (X) and enters body primarily via (Y).

Answer 21

X = Close contact, fomites, droplets
Y = respiratory route

Question 22

T/F: Immune response to parvovirus B19 will provide life-long immunity to re-infection.

Answer 22

True (B19 has only 1 serotype)

Question 23

Parvovirus B19 primarily infects which cell types?

Answer 23

1. RBC Precursors

2. Vascular endothelial cells

Question 24

Erythema infectiosum, aka (X) disease, is caused by (Y) infection. It’s characterized by “slapped cheek” flush.

Answer 24

X = fifth disease
Y = parvovirus

Question 25

The infectious agent responsible for “Fifth disease” may cause (X) in pregnant women.

Answer 25

X = fetal death (first trimester) or hydrops fetalis (second trimester)

This is parvovirus B19 (FYI) IF woman is sero-neg and gets infected during pregnancy

Question 26

Infection by (X) virus in sickle cell patients can cause aplastic crises, complicating their disease.

Answer 26

X = parvovirus B19

Question 27

T/F: Parvovirus B19 can cause life-long immune complex-mediated polyarthritis in adults.

Answer 27

False - not life-long

Question 28

Human Polyomaviruses, (X) and (Y), usually cause which disease in immunocompetent host?

Answer 28

X = JC
Y = BK

None..

Question 29

Human Polyomaviruses, (X) and (Y), usually cause which disease in immunocompromised host?

Answer 29

X = JC (PML = progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)

Y = BK (severe UTI/renal disease)

Question 30

T/F: In almost all people, polyoma viruses JC and BK are clinically latent.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Polyoma BK virus establishes latent infection in (X). And JC virus in (Y).

Answer 31

X = kidneys;
Y = kidneys, B cells, monocyte lineage cells