07 The Roman World, 1-3

Question 1

republic

Answer 1

a form of government in which those entitled to vote choose their government leaders

Question 2

censor

Answer 2

a person who registered people according to their wealth to determine how much tax they should pay

Question 3

Hannibal

Answer 3

Carthaginian general who posed the biggest challenge to Roman forces

Question 4

consul

Answer 4

chief executive who ran the government and served as military commander

Question 5

equites

Answer 5

class of Roman business and land-owning people who had wealth and political power

Question 6

plebeian

Answer 6

commoner

Question 7

indemnity

Answer 7

compensation paid to a nation for damages inflicted on it, as in war

Question 8

First Triumvirate

Answer 8

comprised of Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus

Question 9

Second Triumvirate

Answer 9

comprised of Octavian, Marc Antony, and Lepidus

Question 10

Brutus & Longinus

Answer 10

conspired against Julius Caesar and killed him

Question 11

Nero

Answer 11

cruel and unpredictable Julian emperor who was widely hated and who committed suicide; possibly an arsonist

Question 12

tribune

Answer 12

elected official in the Assembly of Tribes who could veto Senate bills and acts of public officials

Question 13

Spartacus

Answer 13

famous leader of a large Roman slave revolt

Question 14

paterfamilias

Answer 14

father in the Roman family who had absolute authority

Question 15

Octavian

Answer 15

first Roman emperor; called himself “princeps” or “first citizen”; a.k.a. Augustus Caesar

Question 16

praetor

Answer 16

judge who created most of the laws of Rome through decisions in court cases

Question 17

Rubicon River

Answer 17

Julius Caesar crossed this with his army en route to Rome

Question 18

latifundia

Answer 18

large Roman estates

Question 19

Marcus Aurelius

Answer 19

last of the Good Emperors

Question 20

Marius

Answer 20

leader who reorganized Roman army, substistuting a professional army for one of draftees

Question 21

Romulus

Answer 21

legendary founder of Rome

Question 22

patrician

Answer 22

member of powerful aristocratic class

Question 23

Marc Antony

Answer 23

defeated by Octavian at the Battle of Actium

Question 24

legion

Answer 24

most important military unit of Roman army consisting of 4500 to 6000 men

Question 25

checks and balances

Answer 25

principle that prevented any one part of the government from becoming too powerful

Question 26

Cleopatra

Answer 26

queen of Egypt who joined forces with Marc Antony

Question 27

Third Punic War

Answer 27

resulted in Carthage’s destruction

Question 28

First Punic War

Answer 28

resulted in Carthage’s loss of Sicily

Question 29

Second Punic War

Answer 29

resulted in the Carthage’s loss of its navy and Spanish colonies

Question 30

veto

Answer 30

right of one consul to refuse to approve acts of the other

Question 31

Tiber River

Answer 31

river on which Rome is located

Question 32

Hadrian

Answer 32

Roman emperor, patron of the arts, able administrator, and builder of fortifications along the frontiers

Question 33

Pompey

Answer 33

Roman general and consul who tried and failed to limit Caesar’s power

Question 34

Sulla

Answer 34

Roman general who defeated the followers of Marius and made himself dictator

Question 35

Scipio

Answer 35

Roman general who was a match for Hannibal

Question 36

crucifixion

Answer 36

Roman method of executing slaves by nailing or tying offenders to crosses until they asphyxiated

Question 37

Actium

Answer 37

site of naval battle in Greece where Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra

Question 38

Carthage

Answer 38

world’s greatest sea power and fought against Rome in the Punic Wars

Question 39

Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus

Answer 39

tribunes whose reforms angered senators

Question 40

Julius Caesar

Answer 40

wrote the detailed reports on his campaigns called the Commentaries on the Gallic Wars