07 Test Modules 3-4

Question 1

A temporary, foot-like extension of a cell, used for locomotion or engulfing food

Answer 1

Pseudopod

Question 2

The region of a eukaryotic cell that contains the cell’s main DNA

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

A membrane-bounded “sac” within a cell

Answer 3

Vacuole

Question 4

The thin, watery cytoplasm near the plasma membrane of some cells

Answer 4

Ectoplasm

Question 5

The dense cytoplasm found in the interior of many cells

Answer 5

Endoplasm

Question 6

A protozoan that propels itself with a flagellum

Answer 6

Flagellate

Question 7

A firm, flexible coating outside the plasma membrane

Answer 7

Pellicle

Question 8

An organelle containing chlorophyll for photosynthesis

Answer 8

Chloroplast

Question 9

A pigment necessary for photosynthesis

Answer 9

Chlorophyll

Question 10

A light-sensitive region in certain protozoa

Answer 10

Eyespot

Question 11

A close relationship between two or more species where at least one benefits

Answer 11

Symbiosis

Question 12

A relationship between two or more organisms of different species where all benefit from the association

Answer 12

Mutualism

Question 13

A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited

Answer 13

Commensalism

Question 14

A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed

Answer 14

Parasitism

Question 15

Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion

Answer 15

Cilia

Question 16

A reproductive cell with a hard, protective coating

Answer 16

Spore

Question 17

Tiny organisms that float in the water

Answer 17

Plankton

Question 18

Tiny floating organisms that are either small animals or protozoa

Answer 18

Zooplankton

Question 19

Tiny floating photosynthetic organisms, primarily algae

Answer 19

Phytoplankton

Question 20

The body of a plant-like organism that is not divided into leaves, roots, or stems

Answer 20

Thallus

Question 21

A substance (made of sugars) that is common in the cell walls of many organisms

Answer 21

Cellulose

Question 22

A special structure used by an organism to anchor itself

Answer 22

Holdfast

Question 23

A colony that uses holdfasts to anchor itself to an object

Answer 23

Sessile Colony

Question 24

Digestion that takes place outside of the cell

Answer 24

Extracellular digestion

Question 25

The part of the fungus responsible for extracellular digestion and absorption of the digested food

Answer 25

Mycelium

Question 26

A filament of fungal cells

Answer 26

Hypha

Question 27

A hypha that is imbedded in the material on which the fungus grows

Answer 27

Rhizoid hypha

Question 28

A hypha that is not imbedded in the material upon which the fungus grows

Answer 28

Aerial hypha

Question 29

Specialized aerial hypha that produces spores

Answer 29

Sporophore

Question 30

An aerial hypha that asexually reproduces to make more filaments

Answer 30

Stolon

Question 31

A hypha of a parasitic fungus that enters the host’s cells, absorbing nutrition directly from the cytoplasm

Answer 31

Haustorium

Question 32

A chemical that provides both toughness and flexibility

Answer 32

Chitin

Question 33

A thin covering of tissue

Answer 33

Membrane

Question 34

The anaerobic breakdown of sugars into smaller molecules

Answer 34

Fermentation

Question 35

A zygote surrounded by a hard, protective covering

Answer 35

Zygospore

Question 36

The result of sexual reproduction when each parent contributes half of the DNA necessary for the offspring

Answer 36

Zygote

Question 37

A chemical secreted by a living organism that kills or reduces the reproduction rate of other organisms

Answer 37

Antibiotic