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Anatomy > 05.46 Thigh II > Flashcards

05.46 Thigh II Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What is the role of the deep fascia?
A

Prevents bulging of muscles

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2
Q
  1. What is the deep fascia made of? And what is it between? Where is it strongerst?
A

Dense layer of connective tissue between the muscles of the thigh and the superficial fascia
Very strong on anterior and lateral thigh

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3
Q
  1. What is the iliotibial tract (band)?
A

A lateral thickening of the Deep Fascia

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4
Q
  1. What is the deep fascia/fascia lata attached to superiorly and inferiorly?
A

Inguinal Ligament
Parts of hip bone (Pubic bone, iliac crest, Ischial tuberosity)
Sacrum and coccyx
Scarpa’s fascia and the sacrotuberous ligament

Inferiorly at the knee joint is continuous with the crural fascia

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5
Q
  1. What are the fascia lata’s three septas/compartments?
A

Lateral intermuscular septa
Medial intermuscular septa
Posterior intermuscular septa

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6
Q
  1. What action does the anterior compartment perform? What is the nerve? What are the muscles in the anterior compartment?
A

Flex hip and extends knee

Femoral Nerve

Sartorius 
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis 
Vastus medialis 
Vastus intermedius 
Articularis genu 
Psoas major 
Iliacus 
Tensor fascia latae
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7
Q
  1. Give the attachment points of the Sartorius muscle
A

ASIS – superior medial surface of tibia

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8
Q
  1. Where does the rectus femoris attach?
A

AIIS – patella

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9
Q
  1. Where does the vastus lateralis attach?
A

Linea aspera – patella

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10
Q
  1. Where does the vastus medialis attach?
A

Linea aspera – patella

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11
Q
  1. Where does the vastus intermedius attach?
A

Femur body – patella

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12
Q
  1. Where does the articularis genu attach?
A

Anterior femur – synovial membrane of knee

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13
Q
  1. Where does the psoas major attach?
A

Lumbar vertebrae – lesser trochanter

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14
Q
  1. Where does the iliacus attach?
A

Iliac crest and fossa – lesser trochanter of femur

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15
Q
  1. Where does the tensor fascia latae attach?
A

ASIS - iliotibial tract

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16
Q
  1. What kind of action does the medial compartment of muscles perform? What is the nerve of this compartment? Give the muscles that make up the medial compartment.
A

Adductor group
Obturator nerve

  1. Pectineus:
  2. Adductor longus:
  3. Adductor brevis
  4. Adductor magnus:
  5. Gracilis:
  6. Obturator externus
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17
Q
  1. What does the pectineus attach to? Innervation?
A

Superior ramus of pubis – pectineal line of femur

Femoral and obturator nerves

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18
Q
  1. What does the adductor longus attach to?
A

Body of pubic bone – linea aspera

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19
Q
  1. Attachment for adductor brevis?
A

Inferior ramus of pubic bone – linea aspera

20
Q
  1. Attachment for adductor longus?
A

Body of pubic bone – linea aspera

21
Q
  1. What are the two parts of the adductor magnus? Give each’s attachment points and nerves
A

Adductor part: Ischiopubic ramus – linea aspera
Obturator nerve
Hamstring part: Ischial tuberosity – adductor tubercle of femus
Tibial nerve

22
Q
  1. What is the attachment for the Gracilis muscle?
A

Inferior ramus of pubis – superior part of medial surface of tibia

23
Q
  1. What are the attachments of the obturator externus?
A

Margins of obturator foramen/membrane – trochanteric fossa of femur

24
Q
  1. What kinds of muscles does the posterior compartment have? What action? Nerve of compartment?
A 
Hamstring muscles (except the short head of biceps femoris)
Act on two joints – extend hip and flex knee
Tibial nerve
25
Q
  1. What are the attachments for the biceps femoris? Nerve?
A

Long head: Ischial tuberosity – Fibular head
Innervated by tibial nerve

Short head: Linea aspera – Fibular head
Innervated by the common peroneal nerve

26
Q
  1. What are the attachment points of the semitendinosus?
A

Ischial tuberosity – medial surface of upper tibia

27
Q
  1. What are the attachments points of the semimembranosus?
A

Ischial tuberosity – medial tibial condyle

28
Q 
28.	Give the following boundaries of the femoral triangle
Superior 
Medial 
Lateral
Base
Apex
Roof 
Floor
A

Superior - inguinal ligament
Medial - medial border of adductor longus
Lateral - medial border of Sartorius
Base – inguinal ligament
Apex - where the sartorius crosses the adductor longus
Roof - fascia lata
Floor - iliopsoas and pectineus muscles

29
Q
  1. Give the contents of the femoral triangle
A 
femoral artery and branches
femoral vein and branches
femoral nerve and branches
lymphatic vessels and nodes
Femoral sheath
30
Q
  1. What is the femoral sheath and what compartment does it contain?
A

It is a funnel-shaped fascial tube

Lateral
Intermediate
Medial – femoral canal

31
Q
  1. Femoral hernias usually start where?
A

Femoral ring

32
Q
  1. Where does the adductor canal extend to? (aka subsartorial/Hunter’s canal)
A

Extend from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus in the adductor

33
Q
  1. What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?
A

Anteromedial – Sartorius
Lateral - vastus medialis
Posterior - adductor longus and magnus

34
Q
  1. What are the contents of the adductor canal?
A

Femoral artery and vein
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to vastus medialis

35
Q
  1. What lumbar levels is the femoral nerve and how does it size compare to other branches of the lumbar plexus? What does it travel under to enter? How is it unlike the femoral artery and vein? Position to femoral artery?
A

Femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
Is the largest branch of lumbar plexus
Travels under the inguinal ligament to enter the femoral triangle
Unlike femoral artery/vein, is not enclosed by the femoral sheath
Lies lateral to the femoral artery

36
Q
  1. What are the sensory branches of the femoral nerve?
A

Medial femoral cutaneous nerve
Intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve
Saphenous nerve

37
Q
  1. What does the saphenous nerve travel through and what does it innervate?
A

Adductor canal

Innervate skin of leg and foot

38
Q
  1. What muscles does the femoral nerve provide motor branches to? What is the exceptional muscle that receives nerves from both femoral and another nerve? Name it and the other nerve
A

Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
Articularis genu
Pectineus

Pectineus –also innervated by branch of obturator nerve

39
Q
  1. The obturator nerve divides into what divisions in the obturator foramen? Where are these divisions located between?
A

Anterior division
Located between adductor longus and brevis

Posterior division
Located between adductor brevis and magnus

40
Q
  1. What do the two divisions of the obturator nerve innervate?
A 
Anterior
Adductor longus
	Gracilis 
Adductor brevis
Pectineus (partly)
Posterior 
	Obturator externus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
41
Q
  1. The femoral artery is a continuation of? How does it enter the thigh and what is its position in relation to the femoral vein?
A

Continuation of external iliac artery

Enter thigh by passing below the inguinal ligament, lateral to the femoral vein

42
Q
  1. What are the branches of the femoral artery in the thigh?
A 
Superficial circumflex iliac
Superficial epigastric
Superficial and deep external pudendal
Lateral femoral circumflex 
Medial femoral circumflex 
Profunda femoris
43
Q
  1. What arteries compose the cruciate anastomosis?
A

1st perforating a
Medial femoral circumflex a
Lateral femoral circumflex a
Inferior gluteal a

44
Q
  1. What is the obturator artery a branch of?
A

Internal iliac a

45
Q
  1. What does the popliteal fossa contain and where is it?
A

Fat filled

Diamond space at the back of the knee

46
Q
  1. What are boundaries of the popliteal fossa?
A

Inferomedial and inferolateral –gastrocnemius muscle
Superolateral –biceps femoris
Superomedial –semimembranosus tendon
Floor –popliteal surface of femur and posterior knee ligaments

47
Q
  1. What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?
A 
End of small saphenous vein
Popliteal vessels and branches
Tibial and common peroneal nerves 
Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh 
Popliteal lymph nodes and vessels

Anatomy (10 decks)

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