04: Platelets Flashcards
1
Q
- examples of primary hemostasis?
- secondary hemostasis?
A
- petechia, ecchymoses, mucosal bleeding (gingiva, hematuria, epistaxis, GI), prolonged bleeding from injection sites, melena
- hematomas, joints, body cavities, muscle
2
Q
- platelets comfe from what in marrow?
- What is the primary stimulation for platelet production?
A
- megakaryocytes
- thrombopoetin
3
Q
(buccal mucosal bleeding time)
- test for what?
- see ^ w/ what?
- most appropriately used when?
A
- primary bleeding disorders
- mod/marked tpenia, fx platelet defects, vasc abnormalities
- evaluating platelet fx when normal numbers
4
Q
- Four cause of thrombocytopenia caused by increased destruction/consumption?
which can be severe?
A
immune mediated, vasculitis, DIC, blood loss
immune mediated
5
Q
examples of thrombocytopenia due to…
- decreased platelet production
- abnormal platelet distribution
- inherited
A
- aplastic pancytopenia, marrow replacement, immune destruction of precursors
- splenic contraction
- macrothrombocytopenia of cav king chargles spaniels
6
Q
examples of thrombocytosis due to…
- increased production
- redistribution
- hemic neoplasia
A
- inflammation, iron def
- exercise/epinephrine
- primary (essential) thrombocytosis, cushing’s
7
Q
Common inherited platelet dysfx in Dogs?
what will you see?
can occur secondary to what?
A
von willebrand disease
^BMBT with normal platelet #s
NSAIDS, DIC, hepatic dz, etc
8
Q
- most coagulation factors are made where?
- what factors are vitamin K dependent?
A
- liver
- 2, 7, 9, 10
9
Q
(intrinsic Pathway)
- what factors involved?
- what is most common deficiency in cat?
- hemophilia affects which factors?
A
- 12, 11, 9, 8 (WALMART)
- 12
- 8 and 9
10
Q
What factors are in the extrinsic pathway?
what factor affected first by rodenticide?
A
- 3 (tissue factor) and 7
factor 7 (shortest half-life)
11
Q
- What factors are in common pathway?
- which one converts prothrombin to thrombin?
- which has many fx?
- which cross-links fibrin and forms secondary hemostatic plug?
A
- X, V, II, and XIII
- factor X
- factor II (thrombin)
- factor XIII
12
Q
- What is the major inhibitor of coagulation?
what is it produced by?
- what is an important fibrinolytic protein?
A
- antithrombin III
the liver
- plasmin
13
Q
- What does activated clotting time (ACT) test?
A
- intrinsic and common
14
Q
- What does PTT measure (partial thromboplastin time)?
- PT?
- TT?
- FDPs (fibrin degradtion products) detec thwat?
A
- intrinsic and common
- extrinsic and common
- assess thrombin incudeced conversion of fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin
- increased fibrinolysis
