04 - electrolyte metabolism

Question 1

(Hyponatremia)

1. 2 hyperosmolar/hypervolemic conditions?
2. hypoosmolar hypervolemic conditions?

3.

Answer 1

1. hyperglycemia & mannitol administration
2. excess water retention (renal failure, CHF, chronic liver dz)

Question 2

(chloride)

1. principal anion in ECF (accompanies Na to maintain neutrality)
2. same conditions that cause hypernatremia and hyponatremia also cause in this

Question 3

(potassium)

1. principal cation of ICF - determines what?

Answer 3

1. resting cell membrane potential

Question 4

(hypokalemia)

1. assoc w/ acidosis or alkalosis?

2-4. three ways it can happen (think general)

Answer 4

1. alkalosis
2. dec intake
3. translocation btwn ECF ad ICF (alkalosis, glucose/insulin administration)
4. ^loss (gi loss, 3rd space, urinary loss, cutaneous - burns)

Question 5

(hyperkalemia)

1. increased intake or oversupplemenation of fluids w/ K
2. transolation btwn ICF and ECF - from what 3 things?
3. third thing?

Answer 5

2. acidosis, hyperkalemia periodic paralysis, ischemia/reperfusion injury
3. decreased urinary excretion

Question 6

(Phosphorus)

1. mostly in ICF or ECF?

2.

Answer 6

1. ICF