03-00-A: Muscles of the Upper Extremity Flashcards
(SG) Upper Trapezius
O: Occiput, Nuchal Ligament, SPs of C1-C6
I: Lateral 1/3 of Clavicle, Acromion
A: Scapular elevation, Upward rotation
N: Cranial Nerve XI (Accessory Nerve)
(SG) Middle Trapezius
O: SPs of C7-T3
I: Spine of the Scapula
A: Scapular retraction, Upward rotation
N: Cranial Nerve XI (Accessory Nerve)
(SG) Lower Trapezius
O: SPs of T4-T12
I: Base of the Spine of the Scapula
A: Scapular depression, Upward rotation
N: Cranial Nerve XI (Accessory Nerve)
(SG) Levator Scapula
O: TPs of C1-C4
I: Superior Angle of Scapula down to Spine of the Scapula
A: Assists with scapular elevation, downward rotation
N: Dorsal Scapular
(SG) Rhomboids
O: Minor - SPs of C7-T1, Major - SPs of T2-T5
I: Vertebral Border of Scapula from base of the spine of scapula to inferior angle; Minor - Base of spine of scapula, Major - Bottom of the base of spine
A: Scapular retraction (w/ downward rotation component, lifts scapula slightly (elevation)
N: Dorsal Scapular
(SG) Serratus Antrerior
O: Lateral aspect of ribs 1-8
I: Anterior aspect of vertebral border of scapula
A: Scapular protraction, Upward rotation
N: Long thoracic
(SG) Pectoralis Minor
O: Anterior medial aspect of ribs 3-5
I: Coracoid process of scapula
A: Scapular depression, Anterior tilt, Downward rotation
N: Medial pectoral
Muscle Actions - Shoulder Girdle
- Elevation: Upper trapezius, levator scapula, rhomboids
- Depression: Lower trapezius, pectoralis minor
- Protraction: Serratus anterior, pectoralis minor
- Retraction: Middle trapezius, rhomboids
- Upward Rotation: Upper/Lower trapezius, serratus anterior (lower fibers)
- Downward Rotation: Rhomboids, levator scapula, pectoralis minor
- Scapular Tilt - Pectoralis minor
(SJ) Supraspinatus
O: Supraspinous fossa
I: Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
A: Initiates “roll” (of upward rotation)
N: Suprascapular Nerve
(SJ) Infraspinatus
O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
A: Lateral rotation, Horizontal abduction
N: Suprascapular Nerve
(SJ) Teres Minor
O: Axillary border of Scapula
I: Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
A: Lateral rotation, Horizontal abduction
N: Axillary Nerve
(SJ) Subscapularis
O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus
A: Medial rotation
N: Subscapular Nerve
(SJ) Anterior Deltoid
O: Inferior aspect of lateral 1/3 of clavicle
I: Deltoid tuberosity
A: Shoulder abduction, flexion, Medial rotation, Horizontal adduction
N: Axillary Nerve
(SJ) Middle Deltoid
O: Acromion
I: Deltoid Tuberosity
A: Shoulder abduction
N: Axillary Nerve
(SJ) Posterior Deltoid
O: Inferior aspect of spine of scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity
A: Shoulder abduction, extension, Lateral rotation, Horizontal abduction
N: Axillary Nerve
(SJ) Pectoralis Major (Clavicular)
O: Inferior aspect of medial 2/3 of clavicle
I: Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus
A: Shoulder flexion (0-60˚)
(SJ) Pectoralis Major (Sternal)
O: Sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 1-6
I: Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus
A: Shoulder extension from full flexion (180˚-120˚)
(SJ) Pectoralis Major (Sternal and Clavicular)
A: Shoulder adduction, Primary medial rotation, Primary horizontal adduction
N: Lateral pectoral, Medial Pectoral
(SJ) Teres Major
O: Inferior angle of scapula
I: Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus
A: Medial rotation, Shoulder adduction, extension
N: Subscapular Nerve
(SJ) Coracobrachialis
O: Coracoid process of the scapula
I: Medial aspect of the mid-shaft of the humerus
A: Assist with shoulder flexion, Shoulder adduction
N: Musculocutaneous
Muscle Actions - Shoulder Joint
- Flexion: Anterior deltoid, pectoralis major (clavicle)
- Extension: Posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major, pectoralis major (sternal)
- Hyperextension: Latissimus Dorsi, posterior deltoid
- Abduction: Anterior deltoid, middle deltoid, posterior deltoid, supraspinatus
- Adduction: Pectoralis major, teres major, latisssimus dorsi
- Horizontal abduction: Posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor
- Horizontal adduction: Pectoralis major, anterior deltoid
- External rotation: Infraspinatus, Teres minor, posterior deltoid
- Internal rotation: Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, anterior deltoid, subscapularis
(EJ) Brachialis
O: Anterior lower 1/2 of humerus
I: Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity of the ulna
A: Prime elbow flexion (pronated position)
N: Musculocutaneous