02.06 - Hyperglycemia

Question 1

What hormone is responsible for increased glucose uptake by cells?

Answer 1

Insulin

Question 2

What hormone maintains homeostasis by increasing blood glucose?

Answer 2

Glucagon

Question 3

Which type of diabetes is characterised by insulin deficiency?

Answer 3

Type I DM

Question 4

This process refers to the breakdown of glycogen to produce glucose.

Answer 4

Glycogenolysis

Question 5

This refers to the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.

Answer 5

Gluconeogenesis

Question 6

Type II DM is characterised by insulin ___________.

Answer 6

Resistance

Question 7

What is the normal range for fasting plasma glucose?

Answer 7

70-100 mg/dL

Question 8

1 mg/dL is equivalent to how many mmol/L?

Answer 8

18 mmol/L

Question 9

What is the pre-diabetic range for fasting plasma glucose?

Answer 9

101-125 mg/dL

Question 10

Diabetics have >________ mg/dL fasting plasma glucose.

Answer 10

126

Question 11

This test measures the difficulty in metabolising intake of sugar or carbohydrates.

Answer 11

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

Question 12

What is the normal 2-hour value for OGTT?

Answer 12

<140 mg/dL

Question 13

What is the 2-hour pre-diabetic value for OGTT?

Answer 13

140-200 mg/dL

Question 14

What is the 2-hour diabetic value for OGTT?

Answer 14

> 200 mg/dL

Question 15

This test measures long-term blood glucose control.

Answer 15

HbA1c test

Question 16

What is the normal value for the HbA1c test?

Answer 16

4-5.9%

Question 17

What is the pre-diabetic value for HbA1c test?

Answer 17

6-6.5%

Question 18

What is the diabetic value for HbA1c test?

Answer 18

> 6.5%

Question 19

What sodium-dependent glucose transporter is found in intestinal cells?

Answer 19

SGLT1

Question 20

What sodium-dependent glucose transporter is abundant in the kidneys?

Answer 20

SGLT2

Question 21

What glucose transporter is insulin dependent and found in muscle cells and adipose tissue?

Answer 21

GLUT4

Question 22

These are high-affinity glucose transporters found in the brain and the placenta.

Answer 22

GLUT3

Question 23

These glucose transporters pump glucose out of the intestinal cells.

Answer 23

GLUT2

Question 24

These high-affinity, low-capacity glucose transporters are found in RBCs and the blood-brain barrier.

Answer 24

GLUT1

Question 25

What glucose transporter is involved in fructose transport?

Answer 25

GLUT5

Question 26

Increased insulin levels in the bloodstream results into:

a. Translocation of GLUT4 from vesicles to cell membrane
b. Glucose uptake of cells
c. Increase in blood glucose levels
d. A and B

Answer 26

d. A and B

Question 27

Which of the following lifestyle modifications would help eliminate hyperglycemia?

a. Eating food with high glycemic index.
b. Exercise
c. Small, frequent meals
d. B and C

Answer 27

d. B and C