02: Classification of Skills Flashcards
Describe a motor or movement skill
An action or task that has a goal that requires voluntary body and/ or limb movement to achieve the goal and is learned rather than being innate
Difficulty continuum?
Simple-complex skills
Describe a complex skill
- Many decisions to be made
- May have to be learned in stages
Describe a simple skill
- Straightforward with hardly any judgements and decisions to be made
- Can be taught as a whole and in a fairly repetitive way
Practical examples of complex skills?
- Slip catch in cricket
- Pass by a midfield player in hockey who has to make a lot of decisions before she passes
Practical examples of simple skills?
- A sprint start in swimming: very few decisions to be made
Environmental influence continuum?
Open - Closed
Describe an open skill
- Affected by the environment
- Predominantly perceptual
- Movements must be adapted to environment
- Mostly externally paced
Describe a closed skill
- Not affected by the environment
- Predominantly habitual
- Movements follow a set pattern
- Have a definite beginning and end
- Tend to be self-paced
Practical example of a closed skill?
- Free throw in basketball
Practical example of an open skill?
A pass in football
Pacing continuum?
Self-paced - Externally paced
Describe a self-paced skill
- Performer controls rate at which skill is executed
- Involves proaction by performer
- Usually closed skills
Describe an externally paced skill
- Environment, could include opponent, controls rate of performing a skill
- Type of skill involves a reaction
- Usually an open skill
Practical example of a self-paced skill?
Javelin throw
Practical skill of an externally paced skill?
Receiving a serve in badminton
Muscular involvement continuum?
Gross - Fine
Describe a gross skill
- Involves large muscle movements
- Not very precise
- Include many of fundamental movement patterns e.g. walking & jumping
Describe a fine skill
- Involve more intricate movements
- Use small muscle groups
- Skills tend to be precise in naturally
- High degree of hand-eye co-ordination needed
Practical example of a gross skill?
A shot-put
Practical example of a fine skill?
A snooker shot
Continuity continuum?
Discrete - Serial - Continuous
Describe a discrete skill
- Have a clear beginning and a clear end
- Can be repeated
- Single, specific skill
Describe a serial skill
- Several discrete elements put together to make an integrated movement or sequence of movements
Describe a continuous skill
- No obvious beginning or end
- End of one cycle of movement is beginning of the next
Practical example of a discrete skill?
A penalty flick in hockey
Practical example of a serial skill?
Sequence of skills in a triple jump
Practical example of a continuous skill?
Cycling
Organisation continuum?
High organisation - Low organisation
Describe a highly organised skill
- Skill that has elements or sub-routines that are very difficult to separate
Describe a low organisation skill
A skill that can be split up into sub-routines that are easily identified as separate movements
Practical example of a high organisation skill?
Dribbling the ball in basketball
Practical example of a low organisation skill?
Tennis serve
