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Immunology And Serology > 004 > Flashcards

004 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?
a. Lymph node
b. Spleen
c. Thymus
d. MALT

A

c. Thymus

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2
Q

What type of cells would be found in a primary follicle?
a. Unstimulated B cells
b. Germinal centers
c. Plasma cells
d. Memory cells

A

a. Unstimulated B cells

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3
Q

Which of the following is true of NK cells?
a. They rely on memory for antigen recognition.
b. They share antigens with B cells.
c. They are found mainly in lymph nodes.
d. They recognize a lack of MHC proteins.

A

d. They recognize a lack of MHC proteins.

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4
Q

Where are all undifferentiated lymphocytes made?
a. Bone marrow
b. Thymus
c. Spleen
d. Lymph nodes

A

d. Lymph nodes

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5
Q

In the thymus, positive selection of immature T cells is based upon recognition of which of the following?
a. Self-antigens
b. Stress proteins
c. MHC antigens
d. μ chains

A

c. MHC antigens

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6
Q

Which of these are found on a mature B cell?
a. IgG and IgD
b. IgM and IgD
c. Alpha and beta chains
d. CD3

A

b. IgM and IgD

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7
Q

Which receptor on T cells is responsible for rosetting with sheep red blood cells?
a. CD2
b. CD3
c. CD4
d. CD8

A

a. CD2

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8
Q

Which of the following can be attributed to antigen-stimulated T cells?
a. Humoral response
b. Plasma cells
c. Cytokines
d. Antibody

A

c. Cytokines

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9
Q

Which is a distinguishing feature of a pre-B cell?
a. μ chains in the cytoplasm
b. Complete IgM on the surface
c. Presence of CD21 antigen
d. Presence of CD25 antigen

A

a. μ chains in the cytoplasm

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10
Q

When does genetic rearrangement for coding of light chains take place?
a. Before the pre-B cell stage
b. As the cell becomes an immature B cell
c. Not until the cell becomes a mature B cell
d. When the B cell becomes a plasma cell

A

b. As the cell becomes an immature B cell

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11
Q

Which of the following antigens are found on the T cell subset known as helper/inducers?
a. CD3
b CD4
c. CD8
d. CD11

A

b CD4

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12
Q

Where does the major portion of antibody production occur?
a. Peripheral blood
b. Bone marrow
c. Thymus
d. Lymph nodes

A

d. Lymph nodes

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13
Q

Which of the following would represent a double-negative thymocyte?
a. CD2–CD3+CD4–CD8+
b. CD2+CD3–CD4–CD8–
c. CD2–CD3+CD4+CD8–
d. CD2+CD3+CD4+CD8–

A

b. CD2+CD3–CD4–CD8–

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14
Q

Which of the following best describes the T-cell receptor for antigen?
a. It consists of IgM and IgD molecules.
b. It is the same for all T cells.
c. It is present in the double-negative stage.
d. Alpha and beta chains are unique for each antigen.

A

d. Alpha and beta chains are unique for each antigen.

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15
Q

All of the following are characteristic of a good immunogen except
a. internal complexity.
b. large molecular weight.
c. the presence of numerous epitopes.
d. found on host cells.

A

d. found on host cells.

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16
Q

Which of the following best describes a hapten?
a. Not able to react with antibody
b. Antigenic only when coupled to a carrier
c. Has multiple determinant sites
d. A large chemically complex molecule

A

b. Antigenic only when coupled to a carrier

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17
Q

Which would be the best immunogen?
a. Protein with a molecular weight of 200,000
b. Nylon
c. Polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 250,000
d. Protein with a molecular weight of 175,000

A

a. Protein with a molecular weight of 200,000

18
Q

All of the following describe an epitope except
a. same as an antigenic determinant site.
b. area of an immunogen recognized by T cells.
c. consists of sequential amino acids only.
d. key portion of the immunogen.

A

c. consists of sequential amino acids only.

19
Q

Adjuvents act by which of the following methods?
a. Complex to antigen to increase its size
b. Prevent rapid escape from the tissues
c. Increase processing of antigen
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

20
Q

A heterophile antigen is one that
a. is a self-antigen.
b. exists in unrelated plants or animals.
c. has been used previously to stimulate antibody response.
d. is from the same species but is different from the host.

A

b. exists in unrelated plants or animals.

21
Q

Which of the following is true of MHC (HLA) class II antigens?
a. They are found on all nucleated cells.
b. They are found on B cells and macrophages.
c. They all originate at one locus.
d. They are coded for on chromosome 9.

A

b. They are found on B cells and macrophages.

22
Q

MHC molecules are associated with which of the following?
a. Graft rejection
b. Autoimmune diseases
c. Determining to which antigens an individual responds
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

23
Q

Which of the following best describes the role of TAP?
a. They bind to class II molecules to help block the antigen-binding site.
b. They bind to class I proteins in proteosomes.
c. They transport peptides into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.
d. They help cleave peptides for transport to endosomes.

A

c. They transport peptides into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum

24
Q

An individual is recovering from a bacterial infection and tests positive for antibodies to a protein normally found in the cytoplasm of this bacterium. Which of the following statements is true of this situation?
a. Class I molecules have presented bacterial antigen to CD8+ T cells.
b. Class I molecules have presented bacterial antigen to CD4+ T cells.
c. Class II molecules have presented bacterial antigen to CD4+ T cells.
d. B cells have recognized bacterial antigen without help from T cells.

A

c. Class II molecules have presented bacterial antigen to CD4+ T cells.

25
Q

Which is characteristic of variable domains of immunoglobulins?
a. They occur on both the H and L chains.
b. They represent the complement binding site.
c. They are at the carboxy-terminal ends of the molecules.
d. All of the above

A

a. They occur on both the H and L chains.

26
Q

All of the following are true of IgM except that it
a. can cross the placenta.
b. fixes complement.
c. has a J chain.
d. is a primary response antibody.

A

a. can cross the placenta.

27
Q

How many antigen binding sites does a typical IgM molecule have?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 6
d. 10

A

d. 10

28
Q

Bence-Jones proteins are identical to which of the following?
a. H chains
b. L chains
c. IgM molecules
d. IgG molecules

A

b. L chains

29
Q

A Fab fragment consists of
a. two H chains.
b. two L chains.
c. one L chain and one-half of an H chain.
d. one L chain and an entire H chain.

A

c. one L chain and one-half of an H chain.

30
Q

Which of the following pairs represents two different immunoglobulin allotypes?
a. IgM and IgG
b. IgM1 and IgM2
c. Antihuman IgM and antihuman IgG
d. IgG1m3 and IgG1m17

A

d. IgG1m3 and IgG1m17

31
Q

Which of the following are L chains of antibody molecules?
a. kappa
b. gamma
c. mu
d. alpha

A

a. kappa

32
Q

If the results of serum protein electrophoresis show a significant decrease in the gamma band, which of the following is a likely possibility?
a. Normal response to active infection
b. Muliple myeloma
c. Immunodeficiency disorder
d. Monoclonal gammopathy

A

c. Immunodeficiency disorder

33
Q

The subclasses of IgG differ mainly in
a. the type of L chain.
b. the arrangement of disulfide bonds.
c. the ability to act as opsonins.
d. molecular weight.

A

b. the arrangement of disulfide bonds.

34
Q

Which best describes the role of the SC of IgA?
a. A transport mechanism across endothelial cells
b. A means of joining two IgA monomers together
c. An aid to trapping antigen
d. Enhancement of complement fixation by the classical pathway

A

a. A transport mechanism across endothelial cells

35
Q

Which represents the main function of IgD?
a. Protection of the mucous membranes
b. Removal of antigens by complement fixation
c. Enhancing proliferation of B cells
d. Destruction of parasitic worms

A

c. Enhancing proliferation of B cells

36
Q

Which antibody is best at agglutination and complement fixation?
a. IgA
b. IgG
c. IgD
d. IgM

A

d. IgM

37
Q

Which of the following can be attributed to the clonal selection theory of antibody formation?
a. Plasma cells make generalized antibody.
b. B cells are preprogrammed for specific antibody synthesis.
c. Proteins can alter their shape to conform to antigen.
d. Cell receptors break off and become circulating antibody.

A

b. B cells are preprogrammed for specific antibody synthesis.

38
Q

All of the following are true of IgE except that it
a. fails to fix complement.
b. is heat stable.
c. attaches to tissue mast cells.
d. is found in the serum of allergic persons.

A

b. is heat stable.

39
Q

Which best describes coding for immunoglobulin molecules?
a. All genes are located on the same chromosome.
b. L chain rearrangement occurs before H chain rearrangement.
c. Four different regions are involved in coding of H chains.
d. λ rearrangement occurs before κ rearrangement.

A

c. Four different regions are involved in coding of H chains.

40
Q

What is the purpose of HAT medium in the preparation of monoclonal antibody?
a. Fusion of the two cell types
b. Restricting the growth of unfused myeloma cells.
c. Restricting the growth of unfused spleen cells
d. Restricting antibody production to the IgM class

A

b. Restricting the growth of unfused myeloma cells.

Immunology And Serology (9 decks)

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