001 Flashcards
Enhancement of phagocytosis by coating of foreign particles with serum proteins is called
a. opsonization.
b. agglutination.
c. solubilization.
d. chemotaxis.
a. opsonization.
Jenner’s work with cowpox, which provided immunity against smallpox, demonstrates which phenomenon?
a. Natural immunity
b. Attenuation of vaccines
c. Phagocytosis
d. Cross-immunity
d. Cross-immunity
Which of the following can be attributed to Pasteur?
a. Discovery of opsonins
b. Research on haptens
c. First attenuated vaccines
d. Discovery of the ABO blood groups
c. First attenuated vaccines
Which of the following peripheral blood cells plays a key role in killing of parasites?
a. Neutrophils
b. Monocytes
c. Lymphocytes
d. Eosinophils
d. Eosinophils
The process of inflammation is characterized by all of the following except
a. increased blood supply to the area.
b. migration of white blood cells.
c. decreased capillary permeability.
d. appearance of acute-phase reactants.
c. decreased capillary permeability
Skin, lactic acid secretions, stomach acidity, and the motion of cilia represent which type of immunity?
a. Natural
b. Acquired
c. Adaptive
d. Auto
a. Natural
The structure formed by the fusion of engulfed material and enzymatic granules within the phagocytic cell is called a
a. phagosome.
b. lysosome.
c. vacuole.
d. phagolysosome.
d. phagolysosome.
Which of the following white blood cells is capable of further differentiation in the tissues?
a. Neutrophil
b. Eosinophil
c. Basophil
d. Monocyte
d. Monocyte
The presence of normal flora acts as a defense mechanism by which of the following means?
a. Maintaining an acid environment
b. Competing with pathogens for nutrients
c. Keeping phagocytes in the area
d. Coating mucosal surfaces
b. Competing with pathogens for nutrients
Measurement of CRP levels can be used for all of the following except
a. monitoring drug therapy with anti-inflammatory agents.
b. tracking the normal progress of surgery.
c. diagnosis of a specific bacterial infection.
d. determining active phases of rheumatoid arthritis.
c. diagnosis of a specific bacterial infection.
Which of the following are characteristics of acutephasereactants?
a. R apid increase following infection
b. Enhancement of phagocytosis
c. Nonspecific indicators of inflammation
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
A latex agglutination test for CRP is run on a 12-yearold girl who has been ill for the past 5 days with an undiagnosed disease. The results obtained are as follows: weakly reactive with the undiluted serum and negative for both the positive and negative controls. What should the technologist do next?
a. Repeat the entire test
b. Report the results as indeterminate
c. Report the result as positive
d. Obtain a new sample
a. Repeat the entire test
Which is the most significant agent formed in the phagolysosome for the killing of microorganisms?
a. Proteolytic enzymes
b. Hydroxyl radicals
c. Hydrogen peroxide
d. Superoxides
c. Hydrogen peroxide
The action of CRP can be distinguished from that of an antibody in which of the following ways?
a. CRP acts before the antibody appears.
b. Only the antibody triggers the complement cascade.
c. Binding of the antibody is calcium-dependent.
d. Only CRP acts as an opsonin.
a. CRP acts before the antibody appears.
Which of the following plays an important role as an external defense mechanism?
a. Phagocytosis
b. C-reactive protein
c. Lysozyme
d. Complement
c. Lysozyme
