四、祛風濕藥 Flashcards

1
Q

大多數祛風濕強筋骨藥的性味

A

苦甘溫

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2
Q

獨活的性味是

A

辛苦微溫

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3
Q

獨活主歸

A

肝、膀胱經

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4
Q

獨活功效

A

祛風除濕,通痺止痛,解表

  • 為治風濕痺痛主藥,凡風寒濕邪所致之痺證,無論新久,均可應用
  • 入腎經,腰以下半身寒濕痺痛為宜
  • 有類似羌活而較弱的散風寒勝濕作用
  • 止痛:治風擾腎經,伏而不出之少陰頭痛、痛連齒頰,見風即痛
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5
Q

威靈仙性味

A

辛咸溫

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6
Q

威靈仙功效

A

祛風濕,通經絡,軟消骨骾

  • 祛風濕,又通經絡而止痛,為治風濕痺痛要藥,凡風濕痺痛,拘挛麻木,無論上下皆可用
  • 用于诸骨鲠喉
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7
Q

蔪蛇性味

A

甘、咸,温;有毒

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8
Q

蔪蛇功效

A

祛风,通络,定惊止痉

  • 性善走竄,善祛內外風邪,又能通行經絡,凡風寒濕痺證無不宜之,尤善治病深日久之風濕頑痺,中風
  • 入肝,祛外風,息內風,風去則驚搐自定,為治抽搐痙攣常用藥
  • 外走肌表而祛風止癢,兼以毒攻毒,故風毒之邪壅於肌膚亦為常用之品
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9
Q

蔪蛇治小兒急慢驚風、破傷風最常配伍的藥物是

A

烏梢蛇

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10
Q

秦艽性味

A

苦、辛,微寒

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11
Q

秦艽功效

A
祛风湿,清湿热,止痺痛,退虚热
「風藥中之潤劑,散藥中之補劑」
-凡風寒濕痺證無論寒熱新久皆可用(熱痺尤宜)
-可用於中風半身不遂
-治虛熱證要藥
-可清肝膽濕熱而退黃疸
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12
Q

既能祛風濕,強筋骨,又能利尿的藥物

A

五加皮

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13
Q

五加皮功效

A

祛风湿,補肝腎,强筋骨,利水

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14
Q

川烏功效

A

祛风除湿,溫經/散寒止痛

  • 止痛作用強,為治風寒痺證之佳品(寒邪偏盛之風濕痺痛尤宜)
  • 治陰寒內盛之心腹冷痛、寒疝、手足厥冷
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15
Q

络石藤功效

A

祛风通络,凉血消肿

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16
Q

桑枝功效

A

祛风通络,行水消肿

17
Q

桑枝性味

A

苦平

18
Q

川乌性味

A

辛、苦,热;有大毒

19
Q

防己功效

A

祛风止痛,利水消肿

  • 外祛风除濕,內清濕熱止痛,尤宜於風濕熱痺
  • 善走下行
  • 善瀉下焦膀胱濕熱,使內蘊水濕下行
20
Q

五加皮性味

A

辛、苦,温

21
Q

祛風濕兼有消骨硬

A

威靈仙

22
Q

祛風濕兼有清虛熱

A

秦艽

23
Q

祛風濕兼有解表

A

獨活

24
Q

祛風濕兼有和胃化濕

A

木瓜、蠶沙

25
Q

祛風濕兼有利水消腫

A

五加皮、防己、路路通、桑枝

26
Q

祛風濕兼有清肺化痰

A

穿山龍、絲瓜絡

27
Q

祛風濕兼有止血

A

狗脊

28
Q

寒痺

A

獨活、威靈仙、川烏、草烏、桑寄生

29
Q

熱痺

A

防己、秦艽、桑枝、豬薟草、絡石藤

30
Q

行痺

A

威靈仙、秦艽、蔪蛇、烏梢蛇、海風藤、絡石藤

31
Q

著痺

A

獨活、防己、木瓜、油松節、豬薟草

32
Q

上肢痺痛

A

羌活、秦艽、桑枝、桂枝、姜黃

33
Q

下肢痺痛

A

獨活、木瓜、防己、五加皮

34
Q

痺痛偏於腰背痛

A

桑寄生、獨活、狗脊、五加皮

35
Q

川烏適應證

A

1、用於風寒濕痹,拘急止痛

2、用於寒濕諸痛

36
Q

秦艽適應證

A

1、用於風濕痹痛,筋脈拘攣,手足不遂
2、用於骨蒸潮熱,小兒疳熱
3、用於濕熱黃疸

37
Q

防己適應證

A

1、用於風濕痹證

2、用於水腫,小便不利,腳氣腫痛