十二、活血化瘀藥 Flashcards

1
Q

郁金性味

A

辛、苦,寒,肝心胆

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2
Q

既可用於熱病神昏、癲癇痰閉證,又可用治肝膽濕熱黃疸證的藥物

A

郁金

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3
Q

郁金功效

A

活血止痛,行气解郁,凉血清心,利胆退黄

  • 善治肝鬱氣滯血瘀諸證
  • 解鬱開竅、清心熱,用於熱病神昏及癲狂之證
  • 涼血降氣止血
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4
Q

川芎性味

A

辛,温,肝胆心包

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5
Q

川芎功效

A

活血行气,祛风止痛

  • 上行頭目(頭痛),下行血海
  • 血中之風藥
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6
Q

性味辛苦溫,能活血行氣,又善治風濕肩臂痛的藥物

A

姜黃

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7
Q

活血化瘀藥治療癥瘕痞塊,應配

A

化痰軟堅散結藥

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8
Q

氣滯血瘀,心腹及肢體疼痛,最宜

A

廷胡索(血瘀氣滯,一身之痛)

沒藥:血瘀心胃脇腹肢體關節諸痛, X行氣

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9
Q

兼有消腫生肌之效的活血祛瘀藥

A

乳香、沒藥

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10
Q

用治血熱瘀滯痛經,或產後腹痛等證,最宜

A

丹參

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11
Q

具有活血祛瘀,涼血消癰,養血安神等作用的藥物

A

丹參

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12
Q

氣滯血瘀所致的經閉腹痛及癥瘕積聚等證,宜用

A

破血消癥藥:

莪術

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13
Q

既能活血祛瘀,又能利尿消腫的藥物

A

益母草、澤蘭

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14
Q

能活血通經,為婦科要藥

A

益母草

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15
Q

能行血補血,舒筋活絡的藥物

A

雞血藤

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16
Q

既能活血止痛,又能化瘀止血的藥物

A

五靈脂

17
Q

牛膝功效

A

活血通经,补肝肾,强筋骨,引火(血)下行,利尿通淋

18
Q

具有活血通經,下乳,消腫排膿等功效的藥物

A

穿山甲

19
Q

用於活血止痛,五靈脂常配伍

A

蒲黃

20
Q

*活血兼能行氣的藥物

A

川芎、延胡索、郁金、姜黄、乳香、没药、莪术、三棱

21
Q

活血化瘀作用較強,稱破血的藥物

A

土鳖虫、莪术、三棱、水蛭、虻虫

22
Q

活血化瘀兼補血

A

雞血藤

23
Q

活血化瘀兼活血消癰

A

丹參、郁金、桃仁、王不留行

24
Q

活血化瘀兼化食、消積止痛

A

刘寄奴、莪术、三棱

25
Q

活血化瘀兼利水通淋

A

牛膝、王不留行

26
Q

活血化瘀兼續筋接骨

A

鳖虫、自然銅、骨碎补

27
Q

*活血化瘀兼止血

A

郁金、五靈脂、血竭、儿茶、刘寄奴、蒲黃

28
Q

引火下行/引血下行

A

指引上炎之火下行,而消退火熱之證。
用於肝火上炎之目赤腫痛,肝陽上亢之頭痛眩暈;胃火上炎之牙齦腫痛;心火上炎之口舌生瘡;血熱妄行之吐衄。
由於火降而使血不上溢,故亦稱"引血下行"

29
Q

郁金適應證

A

1、用於血瘀氣滯之胸脅腹痛
2、用於熱病神昏,癲癇等證
3、用於肝膽濕熱證
4、用於肝鬱化火,氣火上逆,破血妄行之吐血、衄血及婦女倒經等

30
Q

丹參適應證

A

1、用於血瘀經閉、通經、月經不調,產後瘀滯腹痛等證
2、用於血瘀之心腹疼痛,癥瘕積聚等證
3、用於瘡瘍癰腫
4、用於溫熱病熱入營血、煩躁不安及心悸失眠等證

31
Q

王不留行適應證

A

1、用於血瘀痛經,經閉等證
2、用於產後乳汁不下或乳癰等證
3、用於熱淋、血淋、石淋等證

32
Q

活血化瘀兼利尿

A

益母草、牛膝、澤蘭、王不留行

33
Q

活血兼生肌

A

乳香、沒藥、血竭、兒茶

34
Q

劉寄奴適應證

A

破血,通經,止痛,止血,消食化積
1、用於跌打損傷
2、用於血瘀經閉,產後瘀阻腹痛