Zraly Intro Test

Question 1

What are the main tastes of wine?

Answer 1

Sweet
Sour
Bitter

Question 2

What are the three sources that go into a wines flavor?

Answer 2

Grapes
Fermentation
Aging/Maturation

Question 3

What specific of grape is used to make the most wine?

Answer 3

Vitis Vinifera

Question 4

What are three grapes that have high tannins?

Answer 4

Nebbiolo
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah/Shiraz

Question 5

What is terroir?

Answer 5

The “somewhereness” of the grape - sun, weather, climate, rainfall, nearby plants, etc

Question 6

What is Brix?

Answer 6

The winemakers measure of sugar in the grapes

Question 7

What is phylloxera?

Answer 7

A grape louse that kills the entire plant

Question 8

What does the term noble rot refer to?

Answer 8

Botrytis cinerea, makes sweet wines with a distinctive honeyed flavor

Question 9

What is the equation for fermentation?

Answer 9

Sugar + Yeast = Alcohol + CO2

Question 10

What is the percent alcohol range in table wine?

Answer 10

8-15%

Question 11

What is the percent alcohol range in sparkling wine?

Answer 11

8-12%

Question 12

What is the percent alcohol range in fortified wine?

Answer 12

17-22%

Question 13

What is must?

Answer 13

the juice and skin mixture that comes from the grapes

Question 14

How is white wine made from red grapes?

Answer 14

The skins are removed immediately after picking

Question 15

What is maceration?

Answer 15

The must of black grapes goes into the fermentation tank where they are soaked to extract aromas, tannins and color, it increases aromatics and mouthfeel.

Question 16

Define “Chapatalization”

Answer 16

Sugar is added to grape must before fermentation so the yeast is able to generate more alcohol in the final wine, where it is legal
Named after Jean-Antoine Chaptal

Question 17

What is Residual Sugar?

Answer 17

Natural sugars that remain undigested by yeast after fermentation

Question 18

Where does tannin come from?

Answer 18

Comes from the skins, pits and stems of grapes, Can also come from wood. It is a natural preservative.

Question 19

What is malolactic fermentation?

Answer 19

Secondary fermentation that turns tart malic acid into softer lactic acid

Question 20

What is meant by vintage on a wine label?

Answer 20

Indicates the year the grapes were harvested

Question 21

What characteristics indicate a wine will last more than 5 years?

Answer 21

Color and grape
Vintage
Location of vineyard
Vinification - how it was made
Correct storage conditions

Question 22

What is a “corked wine”?

Answer 22

must aroma caused by the organic compound TCA

Question 23

How is sulfur dioxide used in winemaking?

Answer 23

is a natural antioxidant, preservative and disinfectant

Question 24

What is the difference between a vertical and horizontal tasting?

Answer 24

vertical - comparing same wine from different vintages

horizontal - tasting wines from the same vintage

Question 25

What happens to the color of white wines as they get older?

Answer 25

They turn brown

Question 26

What happens to the color of red wines as they get older?

Answer 26

They turn brown

Question 27

What is the difference between bouquet and aroma?

Answer 27

Bouquet is the total smell of the wine

Aroma is the smell of the grapes

Question 28

Why do you swirl a wine before smelling it?

Answer 28

It releases the esters and aldehydes that combine with oxygen to release more of the bouquet and aroma?