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Micro > Zoonotic and vector borne infections and Bioterrorism > Flashcards

Zoonotic and vector borne infections and Bioterrorism Flashcards

1
Q

what is the main virulence factor of Borrelia Burgdorferi?

A

Outer surface lipoprotein (Osp) contributes to arthritis and joint pain

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2
Q

What is the main diagnostic feature of Lyme Disease?

A

Bulls Eye Lesion!

Erythema Chronicum migrans

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3
Q

What is the structure of Borrelia Burgdorferi?

A

Gram negative spirochete

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4
Q

What is responsible for the relapsing course of disease in Borrelia recurrentis?

A

Antigenic variation

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5
Q

Which form of disease is responsible for borrelia recurrentis infection in the US?

A

endemic tick born- DOES NOT spread person to person

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6
Q

What is the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction?

A

Systemic reaction that happens when bacteria lyse and all the JUNK comes out causing an inflammatory response.
Symptoms include fever, chills, myalgia
may be due to beta lactam therapy

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7
Q

What bacteria causes infection from urine contaminated water?

A

Leptospira spp

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8
Q

What are the main symptoms of Leptospirosis?

A

Hepatitis, sceleral hemorrage in CSF AND Aqueous humor, bacteriuria in kidney

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9
Q

What bacteria often causes infection after dog bites?

A

Pasturella multocida

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10
Q

Clinical ID of Pasturella multocida?

A

small gram negative oxidase positive bacilli

causes a localized soft tissue infection (cellulitis)

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11
Q

What type of infection characteristically shows a centripetal rash?

A

Rickettsia ricketssii (Rocky mountain fever)

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12
Q

Clinical ID of rickettsia ricketssii?

A

Gram negative cocobacillary
Weil-Felix test
complement fixation
indirect immunofluorescence

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13
Q

What bacteria is responsible for “Cat Scratch Disease”?

A

Bartonella henselae

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14
Q

What are potential complications of a bartonella infection?

A

Vascular infection with immunocomp patients (Bacillary angiomatosis)
Skin lesions look like Kaposi’s sarcoma

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15
Q

What is up with Ehrlichia chaffeensis?

A

NOT MUCH!! tick born, rickettsia (g- coccobacillus)

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16
Q

What is the difference between public health Category A and Category B disease agents?

A

high mortality vs low

severe vs moderate

17
Q

Describe the toxin associated with Bacillus Anthracis

A

AB toxin but it has two separate A subunits.
Protective antigen- binding subunit
Edema toxin= PA + EF, causes increase in cAMP, needs calmodulin
Lethal Toxin= PA + LF, metalloprotease cleaves MAPK 1 and 2. inhibits single transduction

18
Q

What is the most common manifestation of an Anthrax infection?

A

Cutaneous anthrax- Painless ulcer with coal-black necrotic center

can spread to lymphatics + blood

19
Q

What are the symptoms of inhalation anthrax?

A

Pulmonary infection, initially non-specific: fever, cough, malaise. Respiratory distress with shock. massive pulmonary edema. visible on Xray.

20
Q

Clinical ID of Bacillus anthracis?

A

Large Gram positive bacilli, non motile, non hemolytic on BAP

21
Q

What is the main virulence factor associated with Yersinia pestis?

A

Type 3 secretion!

Toxic products injected directly into cell cytoplasm by Yop

22
Q

What are the symptoms of the Bubonic plague?

A

severe lymphadenopathy and septicemia!
bubonic purpura, ecchymosis, gangrenous necrosis

(gram negative rod)

23
Q

What organism causes Rabbit Fever?

A

Francisella tularensis (aka tularemia), Gram negative pleomorphic rod

24
Q

What feature of Francisella tularenesis is responsible for high virulence?

A

HIGHLY INFECTIOUS!! requires very few bacteria for innoculum (10-50 organisms!!)

25
Q

What is the source of Brucella abortis?

A

Brucellosis is most often contracted by drinking unpasteurized milk or direct contact with an infected animal.

note that it causes spontaenous abortions in animals, relapsing fever in humans.

26
Q

What bacteria uses lice as a vector?

A

Rickettsia prowazekii

27
Q

Which Rickettsia species has a higher mortality rate?

A

epidemic typhus- prowazekii

28
Q

Q fever?

A

Coxiella Burnetti! Causative agent unknown. Related to Rickettsia but no arthropod vector. transmitted by aerosol.

29
Q

What makes Typhus an atypical Rickettsia infection?

A

The infected arthropod transmits from person to person, eventually dies and there is no eschar.

Micro (10 decks)

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