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Micro > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Virulence: CASPSULE IS KEY!! Adhesins (pspA, CpbA) IgA protease, Pneumolysin, Autolysin,

Gram+ lancet shaped diplococcic
Catalase-
Alpha hemolytic
Optochin sensitive
Bile soluble
Quellung Rxn

Bacterial meningitis + acute otitis media + sinus infection

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2
Q

Neisseria Meningits

A

LOS AND CAPSULE
Meningitis + hemorrhagic rash w/ petechiae (reflecting septicemia- LOS)

Gram- cocci in pairs
Fastidious, chocolate agar
oxidase+, sugar fermentation to acid (gluc and mal)

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3
Q

Haemophilus Influenzae B

A 
Gram- pleomorphic coccobacilli
facultative anaerobe
may or may not be encapsulated
Fastidius growth- chocolate V and X
College outbreaks
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4
Q

Mycobacterium Tuburculosis

A

Rare- chronic bacterial meningits

Two Step process: droplet inhalation, infect lung macrophages, move to blood via lymph, then to CNS

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5
Q

Burrelia Bugdorferi

A

Lyme Disease (bacterial encephalitis)
Spirochete, microaerophilic
diff to culture, needs BSKII
Aseptic, Bulls eye

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6
Q

Treponema Pallidum

A

Tertiary Syph
Difficulty coordinating muscle movement, paralysis, numbness, gradual blindness, dementia
gram- spirochete

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7
Q

Campylobacter Jejuni

A

Gram-, microaerophilic, motile
Guillain Barre- demylenating disorder characterized by immunologic attack on peripheral nerve myelin due to cross reactivity between microbial ganglioside-like epitopes in the LPS that react with neural antigens.

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8
Q

Polymicrobial Abscesses

A

Most often Strep
localized suppurative lesion, space occupying lesion- compresses structures
headache, drowsiness, confusion, hemiparesis, seizures, speech difficulties, fever, NO STIFF NECK
Dx: Ring on CT

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9
Q

Cryptococcus Neoformans

A

FUNGAL
pulmonary–>latent
Virulence- melanin (protects against ox defense of macrophages), phosphlolipase B, inflamm response

Pigeon excreta + Rotting wood
Gram+ Yeast
India Ink +
Calcofluor white +
urease +
capsular antigen
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10
Q

Cocciodes Imitis

A

Valley Fever-fungus
arthrocondia transform into spherules
resp–chronic pulmonary condition–disseminate to meninges, bones, joints, subcut and cut
SW, MIMIC TB huge yeast.
outbreaks in dust storms, earthquakes, earth excavations

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11
Q

Histoplasma Capsulatum

A

North American Histoplasmosis- fungus
inhal macroconidia from soil
central and southern US, large inoculum. benign in normal.engulfed (live inside macro) ring enhancing lesion. huge yeast, mimic TB)

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12
Q

Trypanosoma Cruzi

A

Chagas Disease (parasite)
Bite from Triatome bug, southern US to southern Argentina.
Initial sore, followed by fever and acute enceph, chronic disease later and affect heart, colon or nervous system

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13
Q

plasmodium falcipurum

A

Malaria- KEY = ICAM
infects liver and RBC
acute widespread disease accompanied by recurrent episodes of fever, chills, anemia = malarial fever
can travel to CNS and cause brain lesions and coma
cerebral malaria FATAL 24-72 hrs

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14
Q

Neonatal Menningitis

A

GROUP B STREP

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15
Q

Nuchal rigidity

A

classic meningitis

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16
Q

Petechiae distinguish…

A

Neisseria

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17
Q

Haemophlis Influenzae shape

A

Pelomorphic gram negative cocobacilli

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18
Q

What’s in the CSF bacterial meningitis?

A

LOW glucose, HIGH protein, Polys (PMN)1

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19
Q

On what media does Neisseria grow?

A

Thayer-Martin

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20
Q

On what media does Ecoli (enteric) grow?

A

MaConkey

21
Q

Picornavirus Genome

A

NONenveloped, ss+RNA,
5’ UTR with IRES, covalently linked to VPg
3’ UTR short with polyA tail
p1 capsid

22
Q

Which pico viruses types encode a leader protein?

A

Apthoviruses and cardioviruses

23
Q

What is the role of eIF-4G?

A

Cleavage of this protein results in HOST CELL protein synthesis shut off

24
Q

Pico Viral NS Protein 2A

A

Viral Protease: Polyprotein cleavage

25
Q

pViral NS 2B

A

enhances vesicle formation in host cells, SITES of RNA synthesis

26
Q

pv ns 2C

A

RNA helicase

27
Q

pv ns 3ab

A

stimulates 3D polymerase activity

stimulates proteolytic activity of 3CDpro

28
Q

pv 3C

A

Viral Protease

29
Q

pv 3D

A

RNA dep RNA polym

RNA synthesis

30
Q

VPg

A

Provides poly U primer for 3D fxn

31
Q

Poliovirus

A

Flaccid paralysis results from destruction of motor neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cord

32
Q

SALK VACCINE

A

Inactivated poliovirus vaccine. IPV less GI immunity.

33
Q

SABIN Vaccine

A

Live! highly effective! oral! lifelong

34
Q

Cocksackie A and B groups

A

Cause aspetic meningitis

35
Q

group A cocksackie ALSO

A

Herpangina- sudden onset fever + ulcers
a16- HFMD
type 1 diabetes?

36
Q

What do Apthoviruses cause?

A

Foot and mouth disease in animals. (FMD)

37
Q

What are the two families of arboviruses?

A

Flavivirus and Togaviridae

Flaviv have 3 genera- flaviv/pesti/hepaci

38
Q

Flavivirus structure and genetics?

A

Envelope (host cell receptor binding), 3 struc proteins (env, prM, C), M separates from prM upon maturation. ONLY GENERA with 5’ cap. none have tail.

39
Q

what stimulates flaviviral core disassembly?

A

pH induced change

40
Q

Flavi NS1

A

elicits humoral immune response

41
Q

flavi NS2A + NS2B

A

RNA Synthesis

42
Q

flavi NS3 analagous to what Pico protein?

A

Viral protease

anal to L,2A,3C

43
Q

flavi NS4A + NS4B

A

RNA Replication

44
Q

NS5 + analogous Pico Protein?

A

RdRp

pico 3D

45
Q

Flavivirus C protein analogus pico protein?

A

VP1, VP2, VP3, VP4

46
Q

FLAVIVIRAL DISEASES

A

WNV, YELLOW FEVER, DENGUE FEVER, STL ENCEPH, HEPC

47
Q

What is different about the Togavirus genome??

A

Nonstructural proteins are at the 5’ end

Structural proteins are at the 3’ end

48
Q

Defining characteristics of Rhabodovirus?

A

Large, bullet-shaped virion
- ssRNA
RNP most infectious part
Rabies!!

Micro (10 decks)

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