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I&I Flashcards > Zoonosis > Flashcards

Zoonosis Flashcards

1
Q

Which disease is transmitted through direct contact with products of conception?

A

Brucellosis

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2
Q

Which is disease is transmitted through direct contact with infected bone meal or hide?

A

Anthrax

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3
Q

Which disease is transmitted through direct contact with fish handler?

A

Erysipeloid

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4
Q

Which disease is transmitted through direct contact with Abbatoir worker?

A

Q fever

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5
Q

Which disease is transmitted through inhalation of dropping?

A

Psittacosis

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6
Q

Which disease is transmitted through inhalation of spores in wool?

A

Pulmonary anthrax

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7
Q

Which disease is transmitted through inhalation of secretions?

A

Brucellosis

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8
Q

Which disease is transmitted through ingestion of food and milk products? (5)

A

Salmonella, Campylobacter, Brucella, Q FEVER, Toxoplasma

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9
Q

Which disease is transmitted through saliva of bites or licks from infected animals?

A

Rabies, Pasteurella multocida

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10
Q

Which disease is transmitted through faeces?

A

Salmonellosis, Hyatid disease, Tetanus

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11
Q

Which disease is transmitted through Urine?

A

Leptospirosis

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12
Q

Which disease is transmitted through blood or life tissues? E.g. animal house attendants, zoo and lab workers: direct handling or inhaling aersols from infected body or tissue of monkeys

A

Marburg virus disease, Yellow fever

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13
Q

Brucellosis Clinical Features (7)

A 
Fever
Arthritis 
Splenomegaly 
Hepatomegaly 
Orchitis
CNS (Meningitis).                           ———->> FASHOCE
Endocarditis
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14
Q

Brucellosis Treatment (2)

A

Rifampicin and Doxycycline

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15
Q

Anthrax Organism Characteristics (4)

A

Bacillus anthacis

Gram positive Bacilli
Spore-former (spores survive for years)
Disease of Cattle, Sheep

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16
Q

How is Anthrax acquired?

A

OCCUPATIONAL disease ———> workers handling contaminated hides, hair, wool of sheep, bone meal

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17
Q

Anthrax pathogenesis (2)

A

1- CAPSULE
- POLYPEPTIDE —-> D-GLUTAMIC ACID
(inhibits opsonization, phagocytosis)

2- PLASMID ENCODED TOXIN (Binary Toxin)

 - Protective Factor —> Bind to receptor on macrophage 
 - Lethal Factor —> Inhibit cell function
 - Oedema Factor —> Increase vascular permeability —> Shock
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18
Q

Cutaneous Anthrax

A
  • Malignant pustule*
  • Due to direct inoculation of skin from infected animal or it’s product

Acquired:
1- Industrial: Leather workers, Bone meal factories

2- Non-industrial: Those that work with animals

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19
Q

Pulmonary Anthrax

A

WOOL-SORTERS DISEASE

Inhaling spores in worker’s handle contaminated wool

Fever, Respiratory distress, Death

High Mortality rate

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20
Q

Gastrointestinal Anthrax

A

Ingestion of spores

Lethal

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21
Q

Anthrax Treatment and Prevention

A

Treatment - Penicillin

Prevention - Vaccinate workers at risk

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22
Q

Plague Animal Reservoir

A

Rat fleas suck blood of rodents e.g. rats —>bites human

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23
Q

Bubonic Plague

A

Painful enlargement of inguinal lymph nodes

High mortality rate —> HAEMORRHAGIC SEPSIS

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24
Q

Pneumonic Plague

A

Inhalation of infected respiratory secretions —> Fatal

Spread from one person to another

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25
Q

Septicaemic Plague

A

Primary or complication of pneumonic or bubonic plague

26
Q

Plague Pathogenesis (2)

A

1- Capsule

2- Somatic Antigen (V and W): Resist Phagocytosis

27
Q

Plague Treatment

A

Tetracycline

28
Q

Pasteurella Infection Organism

A

Pasteurella multocida

Gram-Negative Bacilli

29
Q

Pasteurella Reservoir

A

Upper respiratory tract of dogs, cats

30
Q

Pasteurella Transmission

A

Bites or scratch from Animal bite

31
Q

Pasteurella Infections (2)

A

Wound infection

Septicemia

32
Q

Pasteurella Treatment

A

Penicillin

33
Q

Erysipeloid Organism

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Gram-Positive bacilli

34
Q

Erysipeloid Reservoir (4)

A

Fish - Birds - Swine - Pigs

35
Q

How does Erysipeloid wound infection occur?

A

Handling meat or fish especially if skin abrasion

36
Q

Where do Leptospira (Spirochetes) survive?

A

In stagnant water and wet soil for long time especially if HIGH PH

37
Q

Leptospirosis Animal Reservoir (2)

A

Small wild animals —> Rodents

Domestic animals —> Pigs, cattle, puppies

38
Q

What do Leptospira penetrate?

A

Abraded and Intact skin, Conjuntiva, Mucous membrane —> Blood —> Kidneys —> CNS

39
Q

Leptospirosis Transmission

A

Direct or Indirect contact with Animal Urine

40
Q

How is Leptospirosis infection acquired? (2)

A

1- Wet occupation e.g. sugar cane field, rice field, farms, sewage workers

2- Lesuire activities e.g. swimming pools, play with infected pet

41
Q

Leptospira canicola

A

CANICOLA FEVER

Aseptic meningitis- Dogs, Pigs

42
Q

Leptospira icterohaemorrhagia

A

WEILS’S DISEASE

Fever, Jaundice, Proteinuria, Subconjunctivital haemorrhage, Hepatic + Renal failure

Rats

43
Q

Leptospira hebdomadis

A

Cattle

44
Q

Leptospirosis Treatment

A

Penicillin

45
Q

Which disease causes Meningo-encephalitis?

A

Listeriosis

46
Q

Listerosis Treatment

A

Ampicillin

47
Q

Listeria Important Charcteristics (3)

A

1- B-haemolytic

2- Motile at room temp. but NOT 37degrees

3- Catalase positive

48
Q

What does Bovine tuberculosis cause? (2)

A

1- Cervical adenitis

2- Mesenteric adenitis

49
Q

Q fever caused by which organism?

A

Coxiella burnetti

50
Q

Q fever Animal reservoir (2)

A

Sheep

Cattle

51
Q

Q fever infections (4)

A

Flu-like illness
Pneumonia
Infective endocarditis
Hepatosplenomegaly

52
Q

Q fever Treatment

A

Tetracycline

53
Q

What is the type of virus in Rabies ?

A

• Bullet-shape rhabdo RNA virus
• Virus present in saliva of infected animal

54
Q

How does a man get infected with Rabies ?

A

Man get infected by bite from infected animal
• Penetrate abrasion in skin or intact mucous membrane of animals and man → peripheral nerves → CNS (neurones: intracytoplamic inclusions - Negri bodies)

55
Q

Which animals develop Rabies ?

A

Animals develop rabies: dogs, foxes, cats, cattle, monkeys

56
Q

Rabies Clinical features (3)

A

Incubation period 4-13 weeks (shorter if bitten on face, shoulder, upper limbs)
Clinical Features
• Rabies: sore throat, fever, irritability, discomfort at site of bite
• Encephalomyelitis
• Excitement, convulsions, muscle spasm, (hydrophobia), death due to heart or respiratory arrest

57
Q

Toxoplasmosis epidemiology

A

Toxoplasma gondii multiply in ileum of cat → oocysts in stool

58
Q

How do we acquire toxoplasmosis ?

A

Acquire infection
– Contact with cats or soil contaminated with oocyst
– Contact with raw or under cooked meat of animals e.g., cattle, pigs

59
Q

Toxoplasmosis clinical features (3)

A

Clinical features
• Asymptomatic: healthy, febrile illness with LN+
• Immunosuppressed: meningoencephalitis,
myocarditis
• Congenital toxoplasmosis: chorioretinitis, cerebral calcification

60
Q

Toxoplasmosis diagnosis

A

Serology: IgM

61
Q

Toxoplasmosis treatment

A

pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine + folinic acid

I&I Flashcards (16 decks)

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