Zoology lab 2

Question 1

Phylum ?
Specimen ?

Answer 1

Porifera
Scypha specimen

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

With the exceptions of the protozoans , animals are defined as multicellular and heterotrophic.
All multicellular animals are descendants of a common ancestor , they are classified in the clade ……
Kingdom ?

Domain ?

Answer 4

Clade : Metazoa
Kingdom : Animalia
Domain : Eukarya

Question 5

What is the phylum of the sponges ?

Answer 5

Porifera

Question 6

Metazoa is divided into 2 group.
What are they and what does it signifie?

Answer 6

Eumetazoa and Parazoa
Parazoa = “para” means beside. Therefore, beside all the other animals
Eumetazoa = includes all other animals.

Question 7

What is eumetazoa further divided into?

Answer 7

Question 8

What is the 3 basic type of tissue layer ?

Answer 8

ectoderm , mesoderm and endoderm

Question 9

Animals with only 2 tissue layer are called….
With 3 tissue layer….
And which type of tissue layer are present in both of them?

Answer 9

2 tissue layer = diploblastic
3 tissue layer = triploblastic
The tissue layer present in both of them is endoderm and ectoderm.
(triploblastic also have mesoderm)

Question 10

Do sponges have any of this tissue type?
If so, which one?

Answer 10

They do no have any of these tissue layer.

Question 11

What’s the differencee between the molecular phylogeny and the traditional phylogeny?

Answer 11

Similarities : Both use tissue layer, embryological developement and symmetry.
Molecular phylogeny : Does not consider body types. Instead, it proposes that the protostomes to be further divided into 2 new groups.
Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa

Question 12

Whats is the key traits in the clade Lophotrocozoa and what is the name of the 3 phyla?

Answer 12

• Reflects a larval stage (trochophore) shared among members
• Phyla : Platylhelminthes , Annelida and Mollusca

Question 13

what is the key traits in Ecdysozoa and what are the name of the 2 phyla?

Answer 13

• Undergo molting (ecdysis) - a shedding of the outer body cover
• Arthropoda and Nematoda

Question 14

What are the members of the phylum Cnidaria ?

Answer 14

• Jellyfish
• Corals
• Sea anemones

Question 15

What are the key traits in the phylum Cnidaria ?

Answer 15

• Some members are free swimming (medusa form)
• other are stationary ( Polyp form) or have life cycles that involve both
• All members have specialized stinging cells (cnidocytes or nematocysts) embedded in their tentacles

Question 16

Hydra belongs to which class ?

Answer 16

Hydrozoa
Are an example of rare fresh water cnidaria.

Question 17

Name the phylum and class.
Are tissue layer present , if so how many?

Answer 17

Phylum : Cnidaria
Class : Hydrozoa

They are diploblastic.

Question 18

The hydra captures food by its tentacles, it is drawn into …

Answer 18

A central cavity called a gastrovascular cavity.

Question 19

How does gas exchange occur? (hydra)

Answer 19

By diffusion across cell of the gastrodermis.

Question 20

How does the excretory organs works ? (hydra)

Answer 20

nitrogenous waste=ammonia

• removal of ammonia and CO₂ through diffusion in endoderm and ectoderm cells
• release through mouth

Question 21

Hydra support system

Answer 21

Hydrostatic skeleton

Question 22

Phylum ?
Class?
What is this class characterized by?

Answer 22

Phylum : Cnidaria
Class : Scyphozoa
Characterized by a large and prominent medusa stage.

Question 23

What type of symmetry does Aurelia has?
Note the shape of the bell.

Answer 23

It has a pentaradial symmetry
Circular shaped bell

Question 24

Name of the specimen.
Class:
Phylum :

Answer 24

Metridium
Class : Anthozoa
Phylum : cnidaria

Question 25

Observe the following: Basal disc Oral disc Oral tentacles how the mouth leads to a tube-like gullet.

Answer 25

Question 26

Name ? Phylum? Class ? Members in this class?

Answer 26

Planaria Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: Turbellaria Members are mostly free living

Question 27

Planaria Nature of the body cavity ? Symmetry?

Answer 27

Its a Acoelomate Bilateral Symmetry

Question 28

How many tissue layers does the planarian has ?

Answer 28

They are triploblastic

Question 29

Planaria: Specialized organ for gas exchange ?

Answer 29

The planarian does not have gills or lungs, it obtains its oxygen by simple diffusion over its flat body

Question 30

Planaria : Determine how these ganglia relate to the rest of the nervous system and note its structure.

Answer 30

Cephalization At the head of the planarian there is a ganglion under the eyespots. brain = mass of ganglion cells It has 1- 5 pairs of longitudinal nerve cords (ladder)

Question 31

Name of slide? Note shape and size of spicules

Answer 31

Scypha spicules Spicules has a triangular shape.

Question 32

what is this?

Answer 32

Hydra Nematocyst

Question 33

Name ? Phylum? Class ?

Answer 33

Tapeworms (Taenia Pisiformis ) Platylhelminths Class : cestoda

Question 34

Main traits of Class Cestoda

Answer 34

* They are parasitic. * Have repeating segments called proglottids * Each segments have their own complete set of mal and female reproductive organ. * The anterior of the tapeworm is called the scolex and typically has sucker / hooks to aid anchoring into the digestive system.

Question 35

Phylum? class ? Key traits ?

Answer 35

Phylum Platyhelminths Class : Trematoda Key traits : consist exclusively of parasitic flat worms. They require at least 2 different host to complete their life cycle.

Question 36

Name the different parts of the class Trematoda

Answer 36

Question 37

The eyespot of the planarian act as what ? And are use for...

Answer 37

They act as photoreceptors and are used to move away from the light source.

Question 38

Name the cavity .

Answer 38