Zoology lab 2 Flashcards
Phylum ?
Specimen ?
Porifera
Scypha specimen
With the exceptions of the protozoans , animals are defined as multicellular and heterotrophic.
All multicellular animals are descendants of a common ancestor , they are classified in the clade ……
Kingdom ?
Domain ?
Clade : Metazoa
Kingdom : Animalia
Domain : Eukarya
What is the phylum of the sponges ?
Porifera
Metazoa is divided into 2 group.
What are they and what does it signifie?
Eumetazoa and Parazoa
Parazoa = “para” means beside. Therefore, beside all the other animals
Eumetazoa = includes all other animals.
What is eumetazoa further divided into?
What is the 3 basic type of tissue layer ?
ectoderm , mesoderm and endoderm
Animals with only 2 tissue layer are called….
With 3 tissue layer….
And which type of tissue layer are present in both of them?
2 tissue layer = diploblastic
3 tissue layer = triploblastic
The tissue layer present in both of them is endoderm and ectoderm.
(triploblastic also have mesoderm)
Do sponges have any of this tissue type?
If so, which one?
They do no have any of these tissue layer.
What’s the differencee between the molecular phylogeny and the traditional phylogeny?
Similarities : Both use tissue layer, embryological developement and symmetry.
Molecular phylogeny : Does not consider body types. Instead, it proposes that the protostomes to be further divided into 2 new groups.
Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa
Whats is the key traits in the clade Lophotrocozoa and what is the name of the 3 phyla?
- Reflects a larval stage (trochophore) shared among members
- Phyla : Platylhelminthes , Annelida and Mollusca
what is the key traits in Ecdysozoa and what are the name of the 2 phyla?
- Undergo molting (ecdysis) - a shedding of the outer body cover
- Arthropoda and Nematoda
What are the members of the phylum Cnidaria ?
- Jellyfish
- Corals
- Sea anemones
What are the key traits in the phylum Cnidaria ?
- Some members are free swimming (medusa form)
- other are stationary ( Polyp form) or have life cycles that involve both
- All members have specialized stinging cells (cnidocytes or nematocysts) embedded in their tentacles
Hydra belongs to which class ?
Hydrozoa
Are an example of rare fresh water cnidaria.
Name the phylum and class.
Are tissue layer present , if so how many?
Phylum : Cnidaria
Class : Hydrozoa
They are diploblastic.
The hydra captures food by its tentacles, it is drawn into …
A central cavity called a gastrovascular cavity.
How does gas exchange occur? (hydra)
By diffusion across cell of the gastrodermis.
How does the excretory organs works ? (hydra)
nitrogenous waste=ammonia
- removal of ammonia and CO₂ through diffusion in endoderm and ectoderm cells
- release through mouth
Hydra support system
Hydrostatic skeleton
Phylum ?
Class?
What is this class characterized by?
Phylum : Cnidaria
Class : Scyphozoa
Characterized by a large and prominent medusa stage.
What type of symmetry does Aurelia has?
Note the shape of the bell.
It has a pentaradial symmetry
Circular shaped bell
Name of the specimen.
Class:
Phylum :
Metridium
Class : Anthozoa
Phylum : cnidaria
Observe the following:
Basal disc
Oral disc
Oral tentacles
how the mouth leads to a tube-like gullet.
Name ?
Phylum?
Class ?
Members in this class?
Planaria
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Turbellaria
Members are mostly free living
Planaria
Nature of the body cavity ?
Symmetry?
Its a Acoelomate
Bilateral Symmetry
How many tissue layers does the planarian has ?
They are triploblastic
Planaria:
Specialized organ for gas exchange ?
The planarian does not have gills or lungs, it obtains its oxygen by simple diffusion over its flat body
Planaria :
Determine how these ganglia relate to the rest of the nervous system and note its structure.
Cephalization
At the head of the planarian there is a ganglion under the eyespots.
brain = mass of ganglion cells
It has 1- 5 pairs of longitudinal nerve cords (ladder)
Name of slide?
Note shape and size of spicules
Scypha spicules
Spicules has a triangular shape.
what is this?
Hydra Nematocyst
Name ?
Phylum?
Class ?
Tapeworms (Taenia Pisiformis )
Platylhelminths
Class : cestoda
Main traits of Class Cestoda
- They are parasitic.
- Have repeating segments called proglottids
- Each segments have their own complete set of mal and female reproductive organ.
- The anterior of the tapeworm is called the scolex and typically has sucker / hooks to aid anchoring into the digestive system.
Phylum?
class ?
Key traits ?
Phylum Platyhelminths
Class : Trematoda
Key traits : consist exclusively of parasitic flat worms.
They require at least 2 different host to complete their life cycle.
Name the different parts of the class Trematoda
The eyespot of the planarian act as what ?
And are use for…
They act as photoreceptors and are used to move away from the light source.
Name the cavity .
