Zinc And Copper Flashcards
What happens if zinc and copper are not needed
Get excreted in feces when intestinal cells slough off
What protein binds to iron in the intestine
Ferritin
Zinc is a cofactor for what 3 major enzymes
Carbonic anhydrase
Alpha aminolevulinic acid dehydratase
Polyglutamate hydrolase
Role of carbonic anhydrase
Combines CO2 and H2O
Function of alpha aminolevulinic acid dehydratase
Heme synthesis
Polyglutamate hydrolase
Digestion of polyglutamates from folate
What is a main function of zinc in relation to DNA
Helps transcription factors interact better with DNA
What is primary transport for copper
Ceruloplasmin
Ceruloplasmin is also important in
Iron metabolism
ATP7B role
Helps copper attach to Ceruloplasmin in liver for transport
ATP7A role
Helps copper attach to Ceruloplasmin in intestine for transport
Primary form of circulating Cu is
Ceruloplasmin
What are secondary proteins for transport of circulating copper
Albumin and alpha-2 macroglobulin
Ceruloplasmin brings copper to other tissues after it binds to its receptor
K
Copper deficiency can impair transport of what mineral
Iron
Ceruloplasmin has what major function with iron
Can oxidize it to prepare it for transport
What are 3 enzymes that require copper
Ceruloplasmin
Cytochrome c oxidase
Amine oxidases
Two common copper related diseases are
Menkes disease
Wilson disease
Menkes disease characteristics
Defect in ATP7A
Impairs transport from intestine
Causes neurological and vascular problems
Life expectancy is a few years
Wilson disease characteristics
Defect in ATP7B
Impaired transport from liver
Causes cirrhosis, anemia, skeletal defects, neutropenia
Life expectancy is normal when treated
How is zinc and copper stored short term in the intestine
They bind to metallothionein
Copper binds more tightly
